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In a strict sense, the term density refers to the number of memory cells per square
area of silicon. In practice, however, density often refers to the number of bits that can
be represented on a standard size chip. Thus, an engineer might refer to a ‘‘1 meg
chip’’, meaning a standard size chip that holds one megabit of memory. Higher density
is usually desirable because it means more memory can be held in the same physical
space. However, higher density has the disadvantages of increased power utilization
and, because more electric current generates more heat, increased heat generation.
The density of memory chips is related to the size of transistors in the underlying
silicon technology, which has followed Moore’s Law. Thus, memory density tends to
double approximately every eighteen months.
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