Results (
Thai) 1:
[Copy]Copied!
Astronomers say they have found at least five smaller-than-Earth planets orbiting a star in a solar system over twice as old as our solar system.Although the planets are uninhabitable due to heat, the find suggests life could have formed long before our Earth formed, they add. The study shows that roughly “Earth-size planets have formed throughout most of the universe’s 13.8-billion-year history,” the astronomers wrote in a report published today in The Astrophysical Journal.Artist's conception of Kepler-444. (Illustration by Tiago Campante/Peter Devine)Astronomers are interested in finding planets around Earth’s size or smaller, as these are considered more likely to have a similar makeup to Earth than the easier-to-find giant planets.The finding leaves “open the possibility for the existence of ancient life” in our galaxy, the scientists wrote. They identified the star, called Kepler-444, using data from NASA’s now-defunct Kepler spacecraft and estimated its age as 11.2 billion years.The star is an estimated 25 percent smaller than our Sun and is 117 light-years from Earth. A light-year is the distance light travels in a year. The star is very bright and easily visible with binoculars, said study co-author Steve Kawaler of Iowa State University.According to the paper, its five known planets have sizes between those of Mercury and Venus, and are so close to their star that they go around it in fewer than 10 days. At that distance, they’re all much hotter than Mercury and aren’t habitable.Kawaler and colleagues assessed the size of the star by studying sound waves within it. These affect its temperature, creating pulsating changes in brightness that offer clues to its size, weight and age. Kepler takes precise measurements of those changes in brightness. These also reveal whether there are planets, because planets cause tiny dips in a star’s brightness if they pass in front of it.“This is one of the oldest systems in the galaxy,” Kawaler said of the new finding, noting that our Sun is 4.5 billion years old. “Kepler-444 came from the first generation of stars. This system tells us that planets were forming around stars nearly 7 billion years before our own solar system.”According to current theories, planets begin to form around the same time as their host star, out of a gas-and-dust cloud surrounding the star.“Planetary systems around stars have been a common feature of our galaxy for a long, long time,” Kawaler said.The finding will help astronomers learn even more about the history of our Milky Way, he added. “We are now getting first glimpses of the variety of galactic environments conducive to the formation of these small worlds,” the astronomers wrote. “As a result, the path toward a more complete understanding of early planet formation in the galaxy starts unfolding before us.”
Being translated, please wait..