Despite major achievements in tobacco control, with
current smoking patterns lung cancer will remain a major
cause of death worldwide for several decades. Effective
tobacco control policies must be implemented or enforced
in order to further reduce smoking prevalence. Lung
cancer mortality is likely to greatly increase in sub-Saharan
Africa if appropriate tobacco control programs are not
implemented. Although smoking is a highly preventable risk
factor for lung cancer, exposure to other risk factors (e.g.,
indoor and outdoor air pollution) also needs to be reduced,
when applicable.