To store DICOM data into the PACS,

To store DICOM data into the PACS, a commercially available software tool is used (DICOM Open LiteBox; ETIAM, Rennes, France). This software supports the two DICOM functionalities required: DICOM Modality Work List (DMWL) query and DICOM Storage. DMWL is used to facilitate patient reconciliation, which replaces the patient ID and name by valid ones. The whole procedure comprises six steps1,2 (Fig 1) as follows:

Patient is entered, if needed, into the hospital information system (HIS) to obtain a locally valid patient number.
The patient is planned into the radiological information system (RIS) to obtain a valid accession number.
The CD-ROM is loaded into the drive and the DICOM Open LiteBox software is started.
The CD-ROM is selected in the DICOM Open LiteBox software.
Reconciliation is defined for required fields (patient name, patient number, accession number) by using the DMWL entry that is automatically generated after step (1).
Relevant data are selected and transferred. Reconciliation is performed on-the-fly during the transfer to PACS or institutional web server.
Fig 1
Fig 1
Schematic overview of the steps in the upload of DICOM data from CD onto PACS and/or EPR.
The first step is performed by the administration of the requesting department. If this is not done before the request is sent to the radiology department, the request will not be processed and the CD will be returned.

The second step is performed by the radiology patient administration, which receives the request form, or by the dedicated PACS employees. To enter the studies into the RIS, two new radiological examinations are defined: EXTERNAL DATA and SECOND OPINION.

The other steps are performed by dedicated PACS employees. Currently, 2 fte are assigned to PACS-related tasks: besides the upload of CDs, this also includes, e.g., the helpdesk for PACS-related issues, quality control, and CD publication.

All data are read from the CD-ROM, and patient ID and accession number are replaced on-the-fly during transfer to either the PACS or the web server by using DMWL.

Data marked as EXTERNAL DATA are only stored into the institutional web server to provide access to the data through the electronic patient record, which is accessible everywhere in the hospital. These data are only stored for the life cycle of the data on the web server, currently 2 years, and are hereafter deleted. No report is added to this data and they are only used for referral. An example is the use of data acquired elsewhere during a surgical procedure.

The SECOND OPINION data are permanently stored into the PACS and, from there, automatically forwarded to the web server. For these studies, a radiological report is required.

The process described above was monitored for a year (July 2004–July 2005) at the radiology department. The number of images and series stored at the PACS both for EXTERNAL DATA and SECOND OPINION were determined by using queries on the PACS. Based on the results of these queries, the amount of storage required was calculated by using an average size per image. The average image size was determined for each modality.

After 1 year, a questionnaire was distributed to all departments that had been using this facility, to evaluate whether the procedure was satisfying.

The questionnaire contained the following questions:

At which department are you employed?
Who is handling the CDs within your department?
How many CDs do you send on average per week?
How do you grade the time between submitting the CD and availability of the data for viewing?
How do you grade the possibility to request to upload to both PACS and web server compared to viewing the CD-R on your own PC and storing it locally?
How do you grade the possibility to request to upload to the web server only compared to viewing the CD-R on your own PC?
How do you grade the procedure compared to viewing the CDs on your own PC using the viewer included on the CD?
Do you have any remarks or suggestions?
Questions 4 to 6 were to be graded on a 5-point scale (1 = bad, 2 = not so good, 3 = reasonable, 4 = good, 5 = excellent), and median and mean values were calculated.

The questionnaires were distributed by e-mail to the different departments, so an exact number of the number of questionnaires issued is not known.

Go to:
Results

Results (English) 3:

存储在PACS DICOM数据，商用软件工具的使用（DICOM开放litebox；etiam，雷恩，法国）。该软件支持两DICOM功能要求：DICOM模态工作表（dmwl）查询和DICOM存储。dmwl用来促进病人和解，代替病人ID和名称的有效值。整个过程包括六个步骤，2（图1）如下：

病人进入，如果需要的话，在医院信息系统（HIS）得到一个局部有效的病人数。
病人进行放射信息系统（RIS）以获得一个有效的登录号。
光盘加载到驱动器和DICOM打开litebox软件开始。
光盘是DICOM开放litebox
软件选择。和解是需要定义域（患者姓名，编号，登录号）采用dmwl项步骤后自动生成（1）。
相关数据的选择和转移。和解是在飞转的PACS或机构的Web服务器中。
图1图1

从CD到PACS和/或EPR DICOM数据的上传步骤示意图。
的第一步是由申请部门行政执行。如果在发送到放射科之前未完成该请求，则该请求将不被处理，并将返回该光盘，收到的申请表格，或通过专用的PACS的员工。进入研究RIS，定义了两种新的影像学检查：外部数据和第二意见。

其他步骤由专门的员工进行PACS。目前，2 FTE分配到PACS相关工作：除了CD上传，这也包括，例如，用于PACS相关问题求助，质量控制，和光盘出版。

所有数据从光盘读取，和病人ID和登录号更换飞传递到PACS或用dmwl Web服务器中。标记为外部数据仅存储在Web服务器的机构通过电子病历提供的数据

数据，这在医院里到处都是可访问的。这些数据只存储在网络服务器上的数据的生命周期，目前2年，并在以后删除。没有报告被添加到这个数据，他们只用于转诊。一个例子是在外科手术过程中获取的数据的使用。

第二意见数据永久存储在PACS系统，从那里，自动转发到Web服务器。对于这些研究，需要一个放射性的报告，超过了一年（七月2005—七月2004）在放射科监测的过程。通过使用查询PACS图像和序列测定存储在外部数据和第二意见PACS的数量。基于这些查询的结果，计算所需的存储量，使用的平均大小，每个图像。1年后，对各部门的平均图像大小进行了测定，并对各部门进行了问卷调查，以评估是否满足。
谁在你们部门内处理这些光盘？你每周平均发多少CD？您是如何在提交光盘和查看数据的可用性之间的时间？
你怎么等级可能要求上传到PACS和Web服务器相比，你在自己的电脑上观看光盘存储在本地？
你怎么可能要求成绩上传到Web服务器只比你在自己的电脑上观看的光盘？你是怎么把程序与在自己的个人电脑上的光盘相比，用的是你自己的电脑上的？你有什么意见或建议吗？
问题4至6是一个5点量表评分（1 = 坏，2 = 不太好，3 = 合理，4 = 好，5 = 优秀），并计算平均值和平均值。

问卷通过电子邮件分发到不同的部门，所以问卷发放数量的确切数字尚不清楚。

去：
结果