The review of major 3-D global and

The review of major 3-D global and regional real-time air quality forecasting (RT-AQF) models in Part I
identifies several areas of improvement in meteorological forecasts, chemical inputs, and model treatments
of atmospheric physical, dynamic, and chemical processes. Part II highlights several recent
scientific advances in some of these areas that can be incorporated into RT-AQF models to address model
deficiencies and improve forecast accuracies. Current major numerical, statistical, and computational
techniques to improve forecasting skills are assessed. These include bias adjustment techniques to
correct biases in forecast products, chemical data assimilation techniques for improving chemical initial
and boundary conditions as well as emissions, and ensemble forecasting approaches to quantify the
uncertainties of the forecasts. Several case applications of current 3-D RT-AQF models with the state-ofthe-
science model treatments, a detailed urban process module, and an advanced combined ensemble/
data assimilation technique are presented to illustrate current model skills and capabilities. Major
technical challenges and research priorities are provided. A new generation of comprehensive RT-AQF
model systems, to emerge in the coming decades, will be based on state-of-the-science 3-D RT-AQF
models, supplemented with efficient data assimilation techniques and sophisticated statistical models,
and supported with modern numerical/computational technologies and a suite of real-time observational
data from all platforms.

Results (English) 2:

主要审查的实时三维全球和区域空气质量预报（rt-aqf）模型在我
确定在气象预报，化学投入改进的几个方面，和模型处理
大气物理，动态，和化学过程。第二部分几
集锦在这些地区，可以纳入rt-aqf模型来解决模型
不足和提高预测精度的科学进展。目前主要的数值，统计，和为了提高预测能力进行评估，计算
技术。这些包括偏置调整技术
纠正偏差预报产品，化学资料同化技术提高化学
初始条件和边界条件以及排放，和集成预测量化预测的不确定性的方法
。随着国家对-
科学模型处理现有的三维rt-aqf模型的几个应用案例，详细的城市进程模块，和一个先进的综合集成/
数据同化技术说明电流模型的技能和能力。主要
技术面临的挑战和研究重点是提供。新一代综合rt-aqf
模型系统，在未来的几十年里出现，将基于科学的三维rt-aqf
模型的状态，辅以有效的数据同化技术和复杂的统计模型，
与现代数值/计算技术和一系列的所有平台上实时观测
数据支持。