2. Triple combined drug treatment or Highly Active AntiretroviralTreat translation - 2. Triple combined drug treatment or Highly Active AntiretroviralTreat Indonesian how to say

2. Triple combined drug treatment o

2. Triple combined drug treatment or Highly Active Antiretroviral
Treatment (HAART) was given free to:
(a) infected mothers after delivery;
(b) infected children;
(c) healthcare workers infected in the line of duty;
(d) patients infected through contaminated products/blood transfusion.
3. Other patients on HAART were required to purchase two drugs, with one
other drug provided free of charge.
According to the MOH, the payment requirement is to ensure commitment to
treatment. The other reason is that with an annual drug budget of USD3.5 million
for HIV/AIDS treatment, the MOH is unable to give free full treatment.
However, the majority of patients are intravenous drug users (about 75%), many
of whom cannot afford to buy the ARVs and who have serious problems in
treatment compliance.
As a result of growing concerns over high prices of patented and non-patented
drugs in Malaysia, the MOH (in particular, the Pharmaceutical Services Division)
started in 2001 to seek price reductions from pharmaceutical companies.
In July 2001 the following reductions in percentage terms were obtained as a
result of these negotiations:
1. Non-patented ARVs:
Ritonavir capsule and oral solution (10%)
Stavudine (25% – 34%)
Nevirapine (68.5%)
2. Patented ARVs:
Didanosine (36%)
Zidovudine (30%)
Zidovudine + Lamivudine combination (40%)
0/5000
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2. Triple combined drug treatment or Highly Active Antiretroviral
Treatment (HAART) was given free to:
(a) infected mothers after delivery;
(b) infected children;
(c) healthcare workers infected in the line of duty;
(d) patients infected through contaminated products/blood transfusion.
3. Other patients on HAART were required to purchase two drugs, with one
other drug provided free of charge.
According to the MOH, the payment requirement is to ensure commitment to
treatment. The other reason is that with an annual drug budget of USD3.5 million
for HIV/AIDS treatment, the MOH is unable to give free full treatment.
However, the majority of patients are intravenous drug users (about 75%), many
of whom cannot afford to buy the ARVs and who have serious problems in
treatment compliance.
As a result of growing concerns over high prices of patented and non-patented
drugs in Malaysia, the MOH (in particular, the Pharmaceutical Services Division)
started in 2001 to seek price reductions from pharmaceutical companies.
In July 2001 the following reductions in percentage terms were obtained as a
result of these negotiations:
1. Non-patented ARVs:
Ritonavir capsule and oral solution (10%)
Stavudine (25% – 34%)
Nevirapine (68.5%)
2. Patented ARVs:
Didanosine (36%)
Zidovudine (30%)
Zidovudine + Lamivudine combination (40%)
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2. Tiga terapi obat kombinasi atau sangat aktif Antiretroviral
Treatment (ART) diberikan secara gratis ke:
(a) ibu yang terinfeksi setelah melahirkan;
(b) anak yang terinfeksi;
(c) petugas kesehatan yang terinfeksi dalam menjalankan tugas;
(d) pasien yang terinfeksi melalui produk-produk yang terkontaminasi / transfusi darah.
3. Pasien lain yang memakai ART diminta untuk membeli dua obat, dengan satu
obat lain yang disediakan secara gratis.
Menurut Depkes, persyaratan pembayaran adalah untuk memastikan komitmen untuk
pengobatan. Alasan lain adalah bahwa dengan anggaran obat tahunan USD3.5 juta
untuk pengobatan HIV / AIDS, Depkes tidak mampu untuk memberikan pengobatan gratis penuh.
Namun, mayoritas pasien adalah pengguna narkoba suntikan (sekitar 75%), banyak
di antaranya tidak mampu untuk membeli ARV dan yang memiliki masalah serius dalam
kepatuhan pengobatan.
Sebagai hasil dari keprihatinan atas tingginya harga dipatenkan dan non-dipatenkan
obat di Malaysia, Depkes (khususnya, Pelayanan Farmasi Divisi)
dimulai pada tahun 2001 untuk mencari penurunan harga dari perusahaan farmasi.
Pada bulan Juli 2001 pengurangan berikut dalam persentase yang diperoleh sebagai
hasil dari negosiasi ini:
1. ARV-dipatenkan non:
kapsul Ritonavir dan larutan oral (10%)
Stavudine (25% - 34%)
Nevirapine (68,5%)
2. ARV Dipatenkan:
ddI (36%)
Zidovudine (30%)
AZT + Lamivudine kombinasi (40%)
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