Loop DiureticsThere is significant controversy over the role of loop d translation - Loop DiureticsThere is significant controversy over the role of loop d Indonesian how to say

Loop DiureticsThere is significant

Loop Diuretics
There is significant controversy over the role of loop diuretics
in the treatment of ARF. Theoretical benefits in hastening
recovery of renal function include decreased metabolic oxygen
requirements of the kidney, increased resistance to
ischemia, increased urine flow rates that reduce intraluminal
obstruction and filtrate backleak, and renal vasodilation.6
Theoretically, these effects could lead to increased urine output,
decreased need for dialysis, improved renal recovery, and
ultimately, increased survival. However, there are conflicting reports in the literature over the efficacy of loop diuretics.
Most studies demonstrate an improvement in urine output,
but with no effect on survival or need for dialysis. There are
some reports that loop diuretics may worsen renal function.14
This may be due in part to excessive preload reduction that
results in renal vasoconstriction. Thus, loop diuretics are limited
to instances of volume overload and edema and are not
intended to hasten renal recovery or improve survival.
Loop diuretics (furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide, and
ethacrynic acid) are all equally effective when given in equivalent
doses. Therefore, selection is based on the side-effect profile,
cost, and pharmacokinetics of the agents. The incidence of
ototoxicity is significantly higher with ethacrynic acid compared
to the other loop diuretics; therefore, its use is limited to
patients who are allergic to the sulfa component in the other
loop diuretics.15 While ototoxicity is a well-established side
effect of furosemide, its incidence is greater when administered
by the intravenous route at a rate exceeding 4 mg per minute.16
Torsemide has not been reported to cause ototoxicity.
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Loop DiureticsThere is significant controversy over the role of loop diureticsin the treatment of ARF. Theoretical benefits in hasteningrecovery of renal function include decreased metabolic oxygenrequirements of the kidney, increased resistance toischemia, increased urine flow rates that reduce intraluminalobstruction and filtrate backleak, and renal vasodilation.6Theoretically, these effects could lead to increased urine output,decreased need for dialysis, improved renal recovery, andultimately, increased survival. However, there are conflicting reports in the literature over the efficacy of loop diuretics.Most studies demonstrate an improvement in urine output,but with no effect on survival or need for dialysis. There aresome reports that loop diuretics may worsen renal function.14This may be due in part to excessive preload reduction thatresults in renal vasoconstriction. Thus, loop diuretics are limitedto instances of volume overload and edema and are notintended to hasten renal recovery or improve survival.Loop diuretics (furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide, andethacrynic acid) are all equally effective when given in equivalentdoses. Therefore, selection is based on the side-effect profile,cost, and pharmacokinetics of the agents. The incidence ofototoxicity is significantly higher with ethacrynic acid comparedto the other loop diuretics; therefore, its use is limited topatients who are allergic to the sulfa component in the otherloop diuretics.15 While ototoxicity is a well-established sideeffect of furosemide, its incidence is greater when administeredby the intravenous route at a rate exceeding 4 mg per minute.16Torsemide has not been reported to cause ototoxicity.
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Loop Diuretik
Ada kontroversi yang signifikan atas peran loop diuretik
dalam pengobatan ARF. Manfaat teoritis dalam mempercepat
pemulihan fungsi ginjal termasuk penurunan oksigen metabolik
persyaratan ginjal, peningkatan resistensi terhadap
iskemia, peningkatan laju aliran urin yang mengurangi intraluminal
obstruksi dan backleak filtrat, dan vasodilation.6 ginjal
Secara teoritis, efek ini dapat menyebabkan peningkatan output urin,
penurunan kebutuhan untuk dialisis, pemulihan ginjal membaik, dan
pada akhirnya, meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup. Namun, ada laporan yang saling bertentangan dalam literatur atas efektivitas diuretik loop.
Kebanyakan penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan output urin,
tetapi dengan tidak berpengaruh pada kelangsungan hidup atau butuhkan untuk dialisis. Ada
beberapa laporan bahwa diuretik loop dapat memperburuk function.14 ginjal
ini mungkin disebabkan sebagian pengurangan preload yang berlebihan yang
menyebabkan vasokonstriksi ginjal. Dengan demikian, diuretik loop terbatas
untuk kasus kelebihan beban volume dan edema dan tidak
dimaksudkan untuk mempercepat pemulihan ginjal atau meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup.
Diuretik Loop (furosemid, bumetanide, torsemide, dan
asam ethacrynic) semua sama-sama efektif bila diberikan dalam setara
dosis. Oleh karena itu, seleksi didasarkan pada profil efek samping,
biaya, dan farmakokinetik dari agen. Insiden
ototoxicity secara signifikan lebih tinggi dengan asam ethacrynic dibandingkan
dengan diuretik loop lainnya; Oleh karena itu, penggunaannya terbatas pada
pasien yang alergi terhadap komponen sulfa di lain
lingkaran diuretics.15 Sementara ototoxicity adalah sisi mapan
efek furosemide, insiden lebih besar bila diberikan
melalui rute intravena pada tingkat melebihi 4 mg per minute.16
torsemide belum dilaporkan menyebabkan ototoksisitas.
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