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Although biodiesel is a sustainable and renewable diesel fuel, the current feedstock predominantly from
edible oils limits the economic feasibility of biodiesel production and thus the development of a cost effective
non-food feedstock is really essential. In this study, approximately 21.6% of crude grease was
extracted from housefly (Musca domestica L.) larvae reared on swine manure, and the extracted grease
was evaluated for biodiesel production concerning the variables affecting the yield of acid-catalyzed
production of methyl esters and the properties of the housefly larvae-based biodiesel. The optimized
process of 8:1 methanol/grease (mol/mol) with 2 vol% H2SO4 reacted at 70 C for 2 h resulted in a 95.7%
conversion rate from free fatty acid (FFA) into methyl esters. A 90.3% conversion rate of triglycerides
(crude grease) to its esters was obtained from alkaline trans-esterification using sodium hydroxide as
catalyst. The major fatty acid components of this larvae grease were palmitic (29.1%), oleic (23.3%),
palmitoletic (17.4%) and linoleic (17.2%). The housefly larvae-based biodiesel has reached the ASTM
D6751-10 standard in density (881 kg/m3), viscosity (5.64 mm2/s), ester content (96.8%), flash point
(145 C), and cetane number (52). These findings suggest that the grease derived from swine manuregrown
housefly larvae can be a feasible non-food feedstock for biodiesel production.
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