Research on corporate strategy proposes that, in modern times, corpora translation - Research on corporate strategy proposes that, in modern times, corpora Indonesian how to say

Research on corporate strategy prop

Research on corporate strategy proposes that, in modern times, corporations are subject to enormous pressures exercised from other agents in addition to the traditional stakeholders directly involved with firm management and capital providing. Such new pressures are related to social aspectsand not to the main firm strategic decisions, sincecorporations may have to be assessed not only via the traditional performance indicators but also by means of the way which they interact with a broad set of social demands (Aguilera et al., 2007; Prahalad and Hamel, 1994; Cochran, 2007; McWilliams et al., 2006; McWilliams and Siegel, 2001).
The issue of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is associated to an ample spectrum of relations among the corporation and its various stakeholders, as well as to the environment. Firm relations with several stakeholders, clients and with society in general, and even with shareholders, are part of the CSR scope. Some important aspects of CSR have been object of research, such as its conceptualisation, disclosure and the possible link between CSR and firm performance.
CSR is considered as a response of social pressures, relative to stakeholders’ demands and expectations, environmental concerns, and social demands which characterise the dimensions of CSR (Wood, 1991; Prahalad and Hamel, 1994; Cochran, 2007; Dahlsrud, 2008; Crowther and Aras, 2008). These are the most common CSR dimensions explicitly cited in CSR definitions. The stakeholder dimension relates to how the firm interacts with its
DOI 10.1108/17471111111141549 VOL. 7 NO. 2 2011, pp. 295-309, Q Emerald Group Publishing Limited, ISSN 1747-1117jSOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY JOURNALjPAGE 295
Vicente Lima Criso ´stomo is Professor at the Universidade Federal Do Ceara ´, Fortaleza, Brazil. Fa ´tima de Souza Freire is Professor and Felipe Cortes de Vasconcellos is CNPq Grant Holder for Research Activities, both at Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
The authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and to participants at the 2009 EnANPAD Conference in Sa ˜o Paulo.
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employees, suppliers and customers, for example. The environmental dimension refers to how business operations worries about natural environment. And the social dimension of CSR that is related to how the enterprise contributes to a better society by integrating its business with social concerns. According to Dahlsrud (2008), the most used definition of CSR is the one proposed in 2001 by the Commission of the European Communities which states that CSR is ‘‘A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis’’.
Disclosure of CSR has also been the topic of a vast number of works, in different markets. Such studies have evaluated the reasons for social disclosure, the lack of uniformity, the need foraudit andeven theuse ofsocial disclosureasameasureto CSR (Lernerand Fryxell, 1988; Ullman, 1985; Archel et al., 2009; Said et al., 2009; Sutantoputra, 2009).
Another line of investigation has been devoted to the relation between CSR and corporate financial performance (CFP), using both accounting and market measures (Griffin and Mahon, 1997; Margolis and Walsh, 2001, 2003). Nevertheless, results obtained so far are mainly concentrated in well-developed economies contrasted to scarce research undertaken in not developed countries where CSR is probably more required considering the lower social provision in such contexts (Dobers and Halme, 2009; Baughn et al., 2007). Specific characteristics of each country may have a role on the intensity of CSR as can be seen from the international evidence found by Baughn et al. (2007) and Gjølberg (2009). Besides that, results about the possible CSR-CFP link are still inconclusive considering that there is no definite relation among CSR and CFP (Waddock and Graves, 1997; Margolis and Walsh, 2003). These two aspects motivate additional work such as the present one accomplished in Brazil about which – as in many other developing markets – there are very few, if any, available results on the theme.
Using a three-dimensional measure of CSR, this work seeks for the relationship between CSR and CFP, taking into account value creation and financial accounting measures, trying to answer two questions in Brazil. First, whether CSR is able to affect firm value creation. And second, may CSR influence CFP,or viceversa, using financial accounting measures of CFP?
The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. The next section presents a review of the literature and proposes the hypotheses for the present study. Sample and research strategy are described in the following section, which is followed by the presentation of consolidated results. In the final part of the paper, we offer conclusions and final considerations.
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Research on corporate strategy proposes that, in modern times, corporations are subject to enormous pressures exercised from other agents in addition to the traditional stakeholders directly involved with firm management and capital providing. Such new pressures are related to social aspectsand not to the main firm strategic decisions, sincecorporations may have to be assessed not only via the traditional performance indicators but also by means of the way which they interact with a broad set of social demands (Aguilera et al., 2007; Prahalad and Hamel, 1994; Cochran, 2007; McWilliams et al., 2006; McWilliams and Siegel, 2001).The issue of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is associated to an ample spectrum of relations among the corporation and its various stakeholders, as well as to the environment. Firm relations with several stakeholders, clients and with society in general, and even with shareholders, are part of the CSR scope. Some important aspects of CSR have been object of research, such as its conceptualisation, disclosure and the possible link between CSR and firm performance.CSR is considered as a response of social pressures, relative to stakeholders’ demands and expectations, environmental concerns, and social demands which characterise the dimensions of CSR (Wood, 1991; Prahalad and Hamel, 1994; Cochran, 2007; Dahlsrud, 2008; Crowther and Aras, 2008). These are the most common CSR dimensions explicitly cited in CSR definitions. The stakeholder dimension relates to how the firm interacts with itsDOI 10.1108/17471111111141549 VOL. 7 NO. 2 2011, pp. 295-309, Q Emerald Group Publishing Limited, ISSN 1747-1117jSOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY JOURNALjPAGE 295Vicente Lima Criso ´stomo is Professor at the Universidade Federal Do Ceara ´, Fortaleza, Brazil. Fa ´tima de Souza Freire is Professor and Felipe Cortes de Vasconcellos is CNPq Grant Holder for Research Activities, both at Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.The authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and to participants at the 2009 EnANPAD Conference in Sa ˜o Paulo.Downloaded by Telkom University At 20:08 04 October 2016 (PT)employees, suppliers and customers, for example. The environmental dimension refers to how business operations worries about natural environment. And the social dimension of CSR that is related to how the enterprise contributes to a better society by integrating its business with social concerns. According to Dahlsrud (2008), the most used definition of CSR is the one proposed in 2001 by the Commission of the European Communities which states that CSR is ‘‘A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis’’.Disclosure of CSR has also been the topic of a vast number of works, in different markets. Such studies have evaluated the reasons for social disclosure, the lack of uniformity, the need foraudit andeven theuse ofsocial disclosureasameasureto CSR (Lernerand Fryxell, 1988; Ullman, 1985; Archel et al., 2009; Said et al., 2009; Sutantoputra, 2009).Another line of investigation has been devoted to the relation between CSR and corporate financial performance (CFP), using both accounting and market measures (Griffin and Mahon, 1997; Margolis and Walsh, 2001, 2003). Nevertheless, results obtained so far are mainly concentrated in well-developed economies contrasted to scarce research undertaken in not developed countries where CSR is probably more required considering the lower social provision in such contexts (Dobers and Halme, 2009; Baughn et al., 2007). Specific characteristics of each country may have a role on the intensity of CSR as can be seen from the international evidence found by Baughn et al. (2007) and Gjølberg (2009). Besides that, results about the possible CSR-CFP link are still inconclusive considering that there is no definite relation among CSR and CFP (Waddock and Graves, 1997; Margolis and Walsh, 2003). These two aspects motivate additional work such as the present one accomplished in Brazil about which – as in many other developing markets – there are very few, if any, available results on the theme.Using a three-dimensional measure of CSR, this work seeks for the relationship between CSR and CFP, taking into account value creation and financial accounting measures, trying to answer two questions in Brazil. First, whether CSR is able to affect firm value creation. And second, may CSR influence CFP,or viceversa, using financial accounting measures of CFP?
The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. The next section presents a review of the literature and proposes the hypotheses for the present study. Sample and research strategy are described in the following section, which is followed by the presentation of consolidated results. In the final part of the paper, we offer conclusions and final considerations.
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Penelitian tentang strategi perusahaan mengusulkan bahwa, di zaman modern, perusahaan tunduk pada tekanan besar dilakukan dari agen lain selain stakeholders tradisional langsung terlibat dengan manajemen fi rm dan modal menyediakan. Tekanan baru tersebut terkait dengan aspectsand sosial tidak keputusan strategis fi utama rm, sincecorporations mungkin harus dinilai tidak hanya melalui indikator kinerja tradisional tetapi juga dengan cara cara yang mereka berinteraksi dengan satu set luas tuntutan sosial (Aguilera et al ., 2007; Prahalad dan Hamel, 1994; Cochran, 2007; McWilliams et al, 2006;.. McWilliams dan Siegel, 2001)
isu tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR) dikaitkan dengan spektrum yang cukup hubungan antara perusahaan dan yang berbagai pemangku kepentingan, serta lingkungan. Hubungan perusahaan dengan beberapa stakeholder, klien dan dengan masyarakat pada umumnya, dan bahkan dengan pemegang saham, merupakan bagian dari ruang lingkup CSR. Beberapa aspek penting dari CSR telah objek penelitian, seperti konseptualisasi nya, pengungkapan dan kemungkinan hubungan antara CSR dan kinerja rm fi.
CSR dianggap sebagai respon dari tekanan sosial, relatif terhadap tuntutan dan harapan stakeholder ', masalah lingkungan, dan sosial tuntutan yang mencirikan dimensi CSR (Wood, 1991; Prahalad dan Hamel, 1994; Cochran, 2007; Dahlsrud, 2008; Crowther dan Aras, 2008). Ini adalah dimensi CSR yang paling umum secara eksplisit disebutkan dalam CSR definition. Dimensi pemangku kepentingan berkaitan dengan bagaimana perusahaan berinteraksi dengan yang
DOI 10,1108 / 17471111111141549 VOL. 7 NO. 2, 2011, hlm. 295-309, Q Emerald Grup Penerbitan Limited, ISSN 1747-1117jSOCIAL TANGGUNG JAWAB JOURNALjPAGE 295
Vicente Lima Criso'stomo adalah Profesor di Universidade Federal Do Ceara ', Fortaleza, Brasil. Fa'tima de Souza Freire adalah Profesor dan Felipe Cortes de Vasconcellos adalah CNPq Hibah Holder untuk Kegiatan Penelitian, baik di Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brasil.
Para penulis berterima kasih kepada dua pengulas anonim untuk komentar mereka yang berharga dan untuk peserta pada 2009 EnANPAD konferensi di Sa ~o Paulo.
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karyawan, pemasok dan pelanggan, misalnya. Dimensi lingkungan mengacu pada bagaimana operasi bisnis kekhawatiran tentang lingkungan alam. Dan dimensi sosial dari CSR yang terkait dengan bagaimana perusahaan memberikan kontribusi untuk masyarakat yang lebih baik dengan mengintegrasikan bisnisnya dengan kepedulian sosial. Menurut Dahlsrud (2008), yang paling sering digunakan definisi dari CSR adalah salah satu yang diusulkan pada tahun 2001 oleh Komisi Masyarakat Eropa yang menyatakan bahwa CSR adalah '' Konsep dimana perusahaan mengintegrasikan kepedulian sosial dan lingkungan dalam operasi bisnis mereka dan dalam interaksi mereka dengan para pemangku kepentingan mereka atas dasar sukarela ''.
Pengungkapan CSR juga telah menjadi topik dari sejumlah besar karya, di pasar yang berbeda. Studi tersebut telah dievaluasi alasan untuk pengungkapan sosial, kurangnya keseragaman, yang foraudit kebutuhan andeven CSR disclosureasameasureto theuse ofsocial (Lernerand Fryxell, 1988; Ullman, 1985; Archel et al, 2009;. Kata et al, 2009;. Sutantoputra 2009 .)
jalur lain dari investigasi telah dikhususkan untuk hubungan antara CSR dan kinerja keuangan perusahaan fi (CFP), menggunakan kedua akuntansi dan langkah-langkah pasar (Grif fi n dan Mahon, 1997; Margolis dan Walsh, 2001, 2003). Namun demikian, hasil yang diperoleh sejauh ini terutama terkonsentrasi di negara berkembang dengan baik kontras dengan penelitian yang langka dilakukan di negara-negara belum berkembang di mana CSR mungkin lebih diperlukan mengingat ketentuan sosial yang lebih rendah dalam konteks seperti (Dobers dan Halme, 2009; Baughn et al, 2007. ). Spesifik karakteristik masing-masing negara mungkin memiliki peran pada intensitas CSR seperti dapat dilihat dari bukti-bukti internasional ditemukan oleh Baughn et al. (2007) dan Gjølberg (2009). Selain itu, hasil tentang kemungkinan hubungan CSR-CFP masih tidak meyakinkan mengingat bahwa tidak ada fi nite hubungan de antara CSR dan CFP (Waddock dan Graves, 1997; Margolis dan Walsh, 2003). Kedua aspek memotivasi kerja tambahan seperti yang sekarang dilakukan di Brazil tentang yang - seperti dalam banyak pasar berkembang lainnya -. Ada sangat sedikit, jika ada, hasil yang tersedia pada tema
Menggunakan ukuran tiga dimensi CSR, karya ini bertujuan untuk hubungan antara CSR dan CFP, dengan penciptaan nilai akun dan ukuran akuntansi keuangan, mencoba untuk menjawab dua pertanyaan di Brasil. Pertama, apakah CSR mampu mempengaruhi fi nilai rm penciptaan. Dan kedua, mungkin CSR pengaruh CFP, atau viceversa, menggunakan ukuran akuntansi keuangan dari CFP?
Sisa kertas ini disusun sebagai berikut. Bagian selanjutnya menyajikan tinjauan literatur dan mengusulkan hipotesis untuk penelitian ini. Sampel dan strategi penelitian dijelaskan di bagian berikut, yang diikuti dengan presentasi dari hasil konsolidasi. Di bagian fi nal kertas, kami menawarkan kesimpulan dan fi pertimbangan nal.
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