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The United States Electoral College consists of 538 people who are selected every 4 years to elect the President of the United States. The 538 comes from the election of electors from each state, and the District of Columbia, equal to their representation in Congress (two Senators each, plus one or more Representatives; DC gets three). The Electors have to cast their votes based on the people that they are representing. One could argue that the Electors serve no real purpose and under most conditions they would be right. The Electors themselves are just bodies to cast the apportioned votes. However, under some conditions the electors could change their votes and especially during particularly close elections this could affect the outcome. Each state has the same number of electors as their representation in Congress, so the minimum is 3, and currently the state with the most is California, with 55. It is also possible for electors to cast their vote for a different candidate than the state's voters sent them to vote for. These are called faithless electors, and have never been punished.[1] This has happened, but only rarely, and never in sufficient numbers to change the outcome of an election.
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