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The clinical applied sciences of psychophysiology andpsychoneurophysiology are, by every account, true mindbodymedicine. The very essence of an individual’s abilityto attend to the overactivation of his or her peripheralnervous systems and regulate these systems in the directionof his or her intention is—in itself—an act of integration.Include neurofeedback into this model, while coaching theindividual toward an enhanced awareness of conscious state(Siegal, 2010), and mind-body integration becomes amultidimensionally profound experience.The opportunity to implement this type of program iswell suited to an organization that is recognized as anintegrative mental health institution. The practice modelestablished at Sierra Tucson is based on the bio-psychosocial-spiritualaspects of healing the whole person and notsolely the disorder or symptoms. This model is anadaptation of integrative medicine (Maizes, Rakel, &Niemiec, 2009; Parks & Pollack, 2005; Sarris, Glick,Hoenders, Duffy, & Lake, 2014), whose principles are to(a) treat the whole person, (b) engage the patientcollaboratively in treatment decision making, and (c) useappropriate treatments—whether allopathic or naturopathic—topromote optimal health. The Sierra Modelt comprisesan amalgamation of primary therapies andintegratives (our fond nickname for integrative therapy),which are implemented through multidisciplinary collaborationamong treatment teams, made up of a core team(primary therapist plus psychiatrist) joined by otherprogram and integrative therapists. Practitioners in biofeedbackare members of these teams.Sierra Tucson is a licensed inpatient rehabilitationhospital, nestled in the rural Sonoran Desert, offering fiveunique 30- to 45-day programs addressing (a) addictionrecovery, (b) mood disorders, (c) trauma recovery, (d)complicated chronic pain, and (e) eating disorders. Althougheach program may be clearly defined, patients whoadmit themselves to Sierra Tucson bring with them acomplexity of issues. A recent internal summary found that86% of all patients treated at Sierra Tucson in 2013 werecomorbid for two or more Axis I diagnoses. Whetherreferred to as coexisting disorders or comorbidity, suchpsychological profiles are the expected norm for today’streatment facilities (Hawkings & Gilburt, 2004). As wecome to acknowledge the multifactorial nature of mentalhealth issues (which I often refer to as ‘‘not occurring in avacuum’’), it is imperative to integrate mental healthprograms to combine a variety of therapeutic approachesto treat the myriad issues affecting the whole person.Therefore, weaving biofeedback1 into the fabric of SierraTucson has its merits, given the ample and growingscientific evidence supporting its efficacy to reduce symptomologyrelated to depression (Dias & van Deusen, 2011
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