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Microglial activation has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases by inducing the neuroinflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α and IL-1β. (−)-Nyasol, a norlignan isolated from a medicinal plant Anemarrhena asphodeloides, showed anti-inflammatory potential in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV-2 microglial cells. (−)-Nyasol inhibited the production of NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and also the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, which are responsible for the respective production of NO and PGE2. It also suppressed the mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in activated microglial cells. These effects of (−)-nyasol were correlated with the inactivation of p38 MAPK and the suppression of LPS-induced I-κBα degradation. Taken together, these results suggest that (−)-nyasol can be a modulator in neuroinflammatory conditions induced by microglial activation.
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