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Regulated UtilitiesRegulated utilities render a unique service on which the public depends. Regulated utilities are basicallymonopolies subject to government regulation, including rate regulation. In recent years, lawshave been enacted that greatly reduce the monopoly aspect.FINANCIAL STATEMENTSBalance sheets for utilities differ from business balance sheets mainly in the order that accounts forutilities are presented. Plant and equipment are the first assets listed, followed by investments andother assets, current assets, and deferred charges. Under liabilities and equity, the first section is capitalization.The capitalization section usually includes all sources of long-term capital, such as commonstock, preferred stock, and long-term debt. The capitalization section is followed by currentliabilities, and then deferred credits and other.RATIOS FOR REGULATED UTILITIESBecause of the vastly different accounts and statement formats, few of the traditional ratios are appropriatefor regulated utilities. Exceptions are the return on assets, return on equity, debt/equity, andtimes interest earned. Investor-related ratios are also of value in analyzing utilities. For example, thecash flow per share ratio can be a particularly important indicator of the utility’s ability to maintainand increase dividends.
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