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A set of perfect procedures and method has been formed on the decision-making and legislation of coal industryin the US. The US coal industry, which strictly keeps the laws, has successfully exploited under the most strictsecurity, health and environmental protection, and legal supervision in the world.The US Federal state carries on the environmental protection surveillance and the management according to thelaws and regulations to coal enterprise. "Open cut mining Control and Renew Field Law", which largely affects theUS coal mining, has made great progress since its implementation.After picking of the open cut coal mine, the original landform like surface, surface soil water source, ecologicalenvironment, etc. must be restored. The demand of underground mining is prevention of the submergence ofground; the well which will no longer be used should be sealed up; backfill of the gangue as much as possible; thestabilization of the hillock and so on. An owner of a mine must pay the earnest of repairing field before mining, 35cent/t for the surface bituminous coal, 10 cent/t for surface lignite, 15 cent/t for mines underground. The earnestmust be enough for all the intending restore field expense which is confirmed by the state environmental protectionbureau. [2]The earnest will be returned to the owner after the restoration of the fields according to certain procedures.Returning 40% for finishing restoration, 22% for restoration of the surface soil, 20% for completing the vegetation,others will be returned after the ministry of agriculture qualified according to restoration of ecology ten years later.Punishing one year imprisonment or 10,000 US dollars will be given to law breaker. The one who does not plan torestore the fields will be given the fine or the criminal punishment.Germany started the mining area environment repair from the 1920s. The German government takes theenvironmental protection seriously.In the mine environment repair, Germany has a quite complete legal framework. German “Federal Miningmethod” requires that the necessary earnest of mine closure and fields restoration must be paid before authorized tomine. Meanwhile, taxes are collected from mineral resource and enterprise behavior is standardization. Thehistorical debt is undertaken together by the Federal state and the State authority. [3]In Australia, laws and regulations towards the environmental pollution and destruction by gangue, waste gas,waste water, collapse and noises created in the procedure of coal production have been made, which supervise coalenterprises to be engaged in the environmental protection seriously. The environmental protection organization isformed with representatives from various aspects, which make the coal enterprise under the supervision of thepublic. The mining area reclamation is under the charge of the environment bureau, whose many kinds ofreclamation technology are on the leading position in the world. The goal of Australia’s very flexible earnest systemis very explicit, mainly based on the aim to encourage and promote.
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