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SupportingStudents with Learning DisabilitiesPAGE |7What isa Learning Disability?Learning disabilities are due to genetic and/or neurological factors or injury that alters brain function in a manner that affects one or more processes relate to learning.These disorders are not due primarily to hearing and/or vision problems, social-economic factors, cultural or linguistic differences, lack of motivation, inadequate or insufficient instruction, although these factors may further complicate the challenges faced by individuals with learning disabilities.Learning disabilities may co-exist with other disorders such as attention, behaviouralor emotional disorders, sensory impairments, or other medical conditions. Learning disabilities can interfere with a student meeting his or her intellectual and life potential. Learning disabilities result in unexpected academic underachievement. Learning disabilitiesmay impact the acquisition, organization, understanding, retention and/or use of information. Learning disabilities are complex and go beyond the stereotypical perceptions of the disorder as simply reading difficulties, or letter reversals. Theyvary considerably, both in terms of the functions they impact and the severity of the impact experienced. The appropriate accommodations depend upon the individual’s strengths as well as his/her specific difficulties. Frequently, learning disabilities are not detected beforechildren start school. Many students with learning disabilities display no signs of difficulty,except when theyattempt the specific academic tasks that challenge their particular area of cognitive processingdifficulty. Unlike many other disabilities, identifying a learning disability poses some particular challenges since processing disorders are assessed through inference based on student responses. It might not be obvious that astudent’s learning difficulties are due to a learning disability. The specific needs of individuals with learning disabilities change and evolve throughout their lifetime. This does not mean the disability no longer exists,but by varying the activities they undertake and the strategies they develop to address their particular learning disabilities,students mayexperience different challenges at different times.
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