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In Britain most schools are financed by the state and, for the children attending these schools, they are free. However; about 5 per cent of the school population attend private schools, and these are financed from pupils' fees. The general pattern of schooling in Britain is as follows. All the children must start school at the age of five. Many have previously attended play schools or nursery schools, but these are not compulsory. Primary education, whether state or private, seeks to develop all aspects of the child: physical and emotional, as well as intellectual and cultural. Roughly at the age of 11 (but often somewhat. later, especially in the case of private education), children move to different schools. These are called secondary schools, and nowadays most of them are comprehensive, that is to say, children of all abilities go to the sameschool. Within some comprehensive schools children are put into different classes according to their intellectual ability; in others, children of different abilities are all kept together in the same class. In the first four or five years at a secondary school, the pupils have a set timetable of subjects, such as History, English and a foreign language, as well as science subjects and sports. At the end of this period most pupils take one or two public examinations, though these do not normally include all the subjects that the students have studied. In fact, a pupil may take the exam in as many, or as few, subjects as is thought suitable. After these exams, i.e. at the age of 16 or so, most pupils at state schools leave. Only about 30 per cent continue at school, compared with about 90 per cent in the small private sector. For thosethat stay on, in either type of school, the next two or three years are spent concentrating on a small number of subjects, and at the end of these years of concentrated preparation, the pupils usually take a public school-leaving examination in their three specialist subjects. Their results in these exams will largely determine whether they now start to work, or whether they can continue with higher education at a university or college.
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