Method This study is part of the project Interaction and Knowledge (IK translation - Method This study is part of the project Interaction and Knowledge (IK Indonesian how to say

Method This study is part of the pr

Method
This study is part of the project
Interaction and Knowledge
(IK), which studied
and promoted social interactions in formal educational scenarios during 12 years
(1994/1995–2005/2006) (for more details see César, 2009, 2013a; Hamido & César,
2009; Ventura, 2012). We assume an interpretative paradigm (Denzin, 2002) and a
historically and culturally situated approach (César, 2009, 2013a). This is an ethno-
graphic-based research (Hamido & César, 2009), based in the existence of a design
of flexible research, prolonged fieldwork, use of thick descriptions, and emergence
of inductive categories of analysis.
104
C. Courela, M. César
During the course, which lasted three years (7
th
–9
th
grades), we developed an ac-
tion-research project, as it was suitable for solving concrete problems, with a strong
focus on intervention (Mason, 2002). After the course there was a 10-year follow
up, making this a longitudinal study through which we could study and understand
the impacts that those practices had (and have) on the participants’ life trajectories
of participation. The research questions we focused on are: (1) How does an edu-
cational community construct an inclusive and emancipatory curriculum?; and (2)
How do the mechanisms of inter- and intra-empowerment,
developed during this
alternative curriculum, shape students’ life trajectories of participation?
The participants were the seven students who completed this course, their
teachers, and various elements of the educational community. We focus mainly on
one student: Ernesto. The names are fictional, to guarantee anonymity. The most
used data collecting instruments were: participant observation (audio- and vid-
eo-recorded, as well as in photos and in researchers’ diaries), interviews, informal
conversations, tasks inspired by projective techniques (TIPT), students’ protocols,
and documents. Data collection took place throughout the course and during the
follow up. Data treatment and analysis included codification. For instance, the ex-
cerpts of the interviews carried out during the course are identified by the letter I,
followed by the order in which they took place (I1, I2, and so forth), by the name
of that participant, and, for teachers, by the subjects they taught and the years of
the course in which they participated. In the follow up interviews we also used the
letter I, the interview number, follow up
(
fu
), and then the name of that participant.
Therefore, I2
fu,
Ernesto, refers to the interview carried out in the 2
nd
year of the
follow up with Ernesto. In the transcripts, we use ... after a word for a small pause
in the account (less than 3 seconds), and (...) for longer pauses. For purposes of
data treatment and analysis we resorted to a narrative content analysis (Clandinin
& Connelly, 1998) in order to understand each participant’s life trajectory of par
-
ticipation (César, 2013a).
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Method This study is part of the project Interaction and Knowledge (IK), which studied and promoted social interactions in formal educational scenarios during 12 years (1994/1995–2005/2006) (for more details see César, 2009, 2013a; Hamido & César, 2009; Ventura, 2012). We assume an interpretative paradigm (Denzin, 2002) and a historically and culturally situated approach (César, 2009, 2013a). This is an ethno-graphic-based research (Hamido & César, 2009), based in the existence of a design of flexible research, prolonged fieldwork, use of thick descriptions, and emergence of inductive categories of analysis. 104 C. Courela, M. CésarDuring the course, which lasted three years (7th–9th grades), we developed an ac-tion-research project, as it was suitable for solving concrete problems, with a strong focus on intervention (Mason, 2002). After the course there was a 10-year follow up, making this a longitudinal study through which we could study and understand the impacts that those practices had (and have) on the participants’ life trajectories of participation. The research questions we focused on are: (1) How does an edu-cational community construct an inclusive and emancipatory curriculum?; and (2) How do the mechanisms of inter- and intra-empowerment,developed during this alternative curriculum, shape students’ life trajectories of participation? The participants were the seven students who completed this course, their teachers, and various elements of the educational community. We focus mainly on one student: Ernesto. The names are fictional, to guarantee anonymity. The most used data collecting instruments were: participant observation (audio- and vid-eo-recorded, as well as in photos and in researchers’ diaries), interviews, informal conversations, tasks inspired by projective techniques (TIPT), students’ protocols, and documents. Data collection took place throughout the course and during the follow up. Data treatment and analysis included codification. For instance, the ex-cerpts of the interviews carried out during the course are identified by the letter I, followed by the order in which they took place (I1, I2, and so forth), by the name of that participant, and, for teachers, by the subjects they taught and the years of the course in which they participated. In the follow up interviews we also used the letter I, the interview number, follow up(fu), and then the name of that participant. Therefore, I2fu, Ernesto, refers to the interview carried out in the 2nd year of the follow up with Ernesto. In the transcripts, we use ... after a word for a small pause in the account (less than 3 seconds), and (...) for longer pauses. For purposes of data treatment and analysis we resorted to a narrative content analysis (Clandinin & Connelly, 1998) in order to understand each participant’s life trajectory of par-ticipation (César, 2013a).
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Metode
Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari proyek
Interaksi dan Pengetahuan
(IK), yang mempelajari
dan dipromosikan interaksi sosial dalam skenario pendidikan formal yang selama 12 tahun
(1994 / 1995-2005 / 2006) (untuk lebih jelasnya lihat César, 2009, 2013a; Hamido & César,
2009; Ventura, 2012). Kami menganggap paradigma interpretatif (Denzin, 2002) dan
pendekatan historis dan kultural terletak (César, 2009, 2013a). Ini adalah etno
penelitian berbasis grafis-(Hamido & César, 2009), berdasarkan pada adanya desain
penelitian fleksibel, lapangan berkepanjangan, penggunaan deskripsi tebal, dan munculnya
kategori induktif analisis.
104
C. Courela, M. César
Selama kursus, yang berlangsung tiga tahun (7
th
-9
th
nilai), kami mengembangkan ac-
proyek tion-penelitian, seperti itu cocok untuk memecahkan masalah beton, dengan kuat
fokus pada intervensi (Mason, 2002). Setelah kursus ada 10-tahun tindak
lanjut, membuat ini studi longitudinal di mana kita bisa mempelajari dan memahami
dampak yang praktek-praktek memiliki (dan memiliki) pada lintasan kehidupan peserta
partisipasi. Pertanyaan penelitian kami fokus pada adalah: (1) Bagaimana sebuah didikan
komunitas cational membangun kurikulum inklusif dan emansipatoris ?; dan (2)
Bagaimana mekanisme antar dan intra-pemberdayaan,
yang dikembangkan selama ini
kurikulum alternatif, bentuk siswa kehidupan lintasan partisipasi?
Para peserta tujuh siswa yang menyelesaikan kursus ini, mereka
guru, dan berbagai elemen pendidikan masyarakat. Kami fokus terutama pada
satu siswa: Ernesto. Nama-nama fiktif, untuk menjamin anonimitas. Yang paling
mengumpulkan instrumen data yang digunakan adalah: observasi partisipan (audio dan vid-
eo-rekaman, serta foto dan di peneliti 'buku harian), wawancara, informal
percakapan, tugas terinspirasi oleh teknik proyektif (TIPT), siswa protokol,
dan dokumen. Pengumpulan data berlangsung selama kursus dan selama
follow up. Pengobatan dan analisis data termasuk kodifikasi. Misalnya, mantan
cerpts wawancara dilakukan selama kursus diidentifikasi oleh huruf I,
diikuti oleh urutan di mana mereka mengambil tempat (I1, I2, dan sebagainya), dengan nama
peserta yang, dan, untuk guru, dengan mata pelajaran yang mereka ajarkan dan tahun
saja di mana mereka berpartisipasi. Dalam menindaklanjuti wawancara kami juga menggunakan
huruf I, jumlah wawancara, menindaklanjuti
(
fu
), dan kemudian nama peserta itu.
Oleh karena itu, I2
fu,
Ernesto, mengacu wawancara dilakukan di 2
nd
tahun dari
menindaklanjuti dengan Ernesto. Dalam transkrip, kami menggunakan ... setelah kata untuk jeda kecil
di akun (kurang dari 3 detik), dan (...) untuk jeda lebih lama. Untuk keperluan
pengobatan data dan analisis kami terpaksa analisis isi naratif (Clandinin
& Connelly 1998) dalam rangka memahami lintasan kehidupan masing-masing peserta dari par
-
ticipation (César, 2013a).
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