the split incentives involving
shipowners and charterers (charters do not share or
give back savings to shipowners) be addressed. With
investment in ship energy efficiency being generally
carried out by shipowners/operators, the costs associated with leveraging innovative ship energyefficient
technologies and alternative fuels (for example,
equipment, hull design, engines, propulsion systems
and operational measures) are part of the overall
capital costs involved in ordering a ship.