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6. The pros and cons of dividends and repurchases The advantages of repurchases: Repurchase announcements are viewed as positive signals by investors because the repurchase is often motivated by management’s belief that the firm’s shares are undervalued. Stockholders have a choice when the firm distributes cash by repurchasing stock, they can sell or not sell. Dividends are “sticky” in the short run because management is usually reluctant to raise the dividend if the increase cannot be maintained in the future, and cutting cash dividends is always avoided because of the negative signal it gives. The advantages of repurchases: Repurchases can be used to produce large-scale changes in capital structures. Companies that use stock options as an important component of employee compensation usually repurchase shares in the secondary market and then use those shares when employees exercise their options. This technique allows companies to avoid issuing new shares and thus diluting earnings. Repurchases have three principal disadvantages: Stockholders may not be indifferent between dividends and capital gains, and the price of the stock might benefit more from cash dividends than from repurchases. Cash dividends are generally dependable, but repurchases are not. The selling stockholders may not be fully aware of all the implications of a repurchase, or they may not have all the pertinent information about the corporation’s present and future activities. Repurchases have three principal disadvantages: Stockholders may not be indifferent between dividends and capital gains, and the price of the stock might benefit more from cash dividends than from repurchases. Cash dividends are generally dependable, but repurchases are not. The selling stockholders may not be fully aware of all the implications of a repurchase, or they may not have all the pertinent information about the corporation’s present and future activities.
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