This study shows that faculty members want to be a part of the accredi translation - This study shows that faculty members want to be a part of the accredi Arabic how to say

This study shows that faculty membe

This study shows that faculty members want to be a part of the accreditation process and
highlights yet another important view that faculty members hold about the accreditation
process. Giving faculty members a sense of empowerment ―also went a long way in
[making the accreditation] process work for the improvement of the institution‘s
academic programs‖ (Nichols, 1995, p. 18). Increased responsibility in creating and
evaluating learning objectives was yet another influence of the accreditation process on
faculty academic life (Nichols, 1995). This study did highlight the faculty members‘
voices as they relate to the accreditation process, but singularly illuminating their stories
would have provided even more valuable data on the views and assumptions of the
faculty members‘ experience with the accreditation process.
Another interesting finding by Fisk and Duryea (1977) was that as a result of
accreditation processes, faculty unionization increased. It seems that faculty members felt
threatened after the experience and felt a need for bargaining power with accreditation
agencies and other governing bodies. Hearing the faculty members‘ stories about the
experience has the potential to give a clearer understanding of why unionization
increased and to focus on how faculty members arrive at their perceptions about the
accreditation process. Yet, there is a gap in understanding because this research does not
fully represent the faculty members‘ voices and how they make meaning of the
experience.
Faculty Perception and Resistance to Accreditation Processes
Faculty perceptions of the accreditation process and accreditation related
activities like assessment are not positive and result in a resistance to accountability
efforts like the accreditation process. In an article entitled ―Differing Administrator,
17
Faculty, and Staff Perceptions of Organizational Culture as Related to External
Accreditation,‖ Claire H. Procopio (2010) stated,
For accreditation to have what is termed intrinsic value (i.e. value beyond the
accrediting agency‘s stamp of approval and access to federal student loans and
grants), college accreditation leaders are told they must overcome the perception
of faculty and staff that accreditation is simply a pro forma hoop through which
they must jump every five to ten years. (para. 7)
There is no wonder that faculty perceive the accreditation process differently when
Procopio (2010) further states that ―It is probable that leaders of an accreditation effort
receive more information, are more highly involved, and are, in fact, in supervisory roles
more than their non-committee counterparts,‖ and ―Least satisfied [with the process] are
the two groups reporting active and minimal involvement‖ (para. 27). The study reports
that the minimally involved group is faculty. Procopio (2010) goes on to say that those
who are ―minimally involved‖ in the accreditation process commonly experience
―frustration.‖ Furthermore, ―the additional meetings in reality and/or in perception do not
strike personnel as affording everyone the opportunity to be included in discussions, to
tap creative potential, to result in decisions being enacted, or to be time well spent‖
(Procopio, 2010, para. 28). One of the most relevant findings in this research article is:
Faculty need a voice in crafting what they perceive to be a healthy climate,
effective information flow, useful meetings, and appropriate levels of
involvement.... These findings seem to indicate that very high-end involvement
yields some satisfaction with the organizational culture, but simply being asked to
participate (actively or minimally) in the [accreditation] process by those who
lead drives up frustration. (Procopio, 2010, para. 30)
Schilling and Schilling (1998) identified the perception that faculty have about
assessment, one of their main roles in the accreditation process, as one of disdain. Faculty
members see it as just one more command for accountability (Procopio, 2010; Schilling
& Schilling, 1998). The contempt that faculty feel towards assessment was also attributed
18
to faculty members feeling ―overburdened‖ with yet another responsibility on already
―full plates.‖ Schilling and Schilling (1998) further stated that faculty members are still
uncertain about assessment and this leads to some of their resistance. Another study
suggested to counteract faculty perceptions and resistance to accreditation, ―encourage
teamwork and team building through brainstorming, dialogue and discussion, and joint
projects‖ (Palomba & Banta, 1999, pp. 65 66); and ―to set clear and defined roles in the
assessment process‖ (Palomba & Banta, 1999, p. 53).
The faculty perspectives emerge as a result of how faculty experience
accreditation. Therefore, it is apparent that the way in which faculty experience
accreditation is the greatest predictor of the faculty‘s perspectives on the experience
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This study shows that faculty members want to be a part of the accreditation process andhighlights yet another important view that faculty members hold about the accreditationprocess. Giving faculty members a sense of empowerment ―also went a long way in[making the accreditation] process work for the improvement of the institution‘sacademic programs‖ (Nichols, 1995, p. 18). Increased responsibility in creating andevaluating learning objectives was yet another influence of the accreditation process onfaculty academic life (Nichols, 1995). This study did highlight the faculty members‘voices as they relate to the accreditation process, but singularly illuminating their storieswould have provided even more valuable data on the views and assumptions of thefaculty members‘ experience with the accreditation process.Another interesting finding by Fisk and Duryea (1977) was that as a result ofaccreditation processes, faculty unionization increased. It seems that faculty members feltthreatened after the experience and felt a need for bargaining power with accreditationagencies and other governing bodies. Hearing the faculty members‘ stories about theexperience has the potential to give a clearer understanding of why unionizationincreased and to focus on how faculty members arrive at their perceptions about theaccreditation process. Yet, there is a gap in understanding because this research does notfully represent the faculty members‘ voices and how they make meaning of theexperience.Faculty Perception and Resistance to Accreditation ProcessesFaculty perceptions of the accreditation process and accreditation relatedactivities like assessment are not positive and result in a resistance to accountabilityefforts like the accreditation process. In an article entitled ―Differing Administrator, 17Faculty, and Staff Perceptions of Organizational Culture as Related to ExternalAccreditation,‖ Claire H. Procopio (2010) stated,For accreditation to have what is termed intrinsic value (i.e. value beyond theaccrediting agency‘s stamp of approval and access to federal student loans andgrants), college accreditation leaders are told they must overcome the perceptionof faculty and staff that accreditation is simply a pro forma hoop through whichthey must jump every five to ten years. (para. 7)There is no wonder that faculty perceive the accreditation process differently whenProcopio (2010) further states that ―It is probable that leaders of an accreditation effortreceive more information, are more highly involved, and are, in fact, in supervisory rolesmore than their non-committee counterparts,‖ and ―Least satisfied [with the process] arethe two groups reporting active and minimal involvement‖ (para. 27). The study reportsthat the minimally involved group is faculty. Procopio (2010) goes on to say that thosewho are ―minimally involved‖ in the accreditation process commonly experience―frustration.‖ Furthermore, ―the additional meetings in reality and/or in perception do notstrike personnel as affording everyone the opportunity to be included in discussions, totap creative potential, to result in decisions being enacted, or to be time well spent‖(Procopio, 2010, para. 28). One of the most relevant findings in this research article is:Faculty need a voice in crafting what they perceive to be a healthy climate,effective information flow, useful meetings, and appropriate levels ofinvolvement.... These findings seem to indicate that very high-end involvementyields some satisfaction with the organizational culture, but simply being asked toparticipate (actively or minimally) in the [accreditation] process by those wholead drives up frustration. (Procopio, 2010, para. 30)Schilling and Schilling (1998) identified the perception that faculty have aboutassessment, one of their main roles in the accreditation process, as one of disdain. Facultymembers see it as just one more command for accountability (Procopio, 2010; Schilling& Schilling, 1998). The contempt that faculty feel towards assessment was also attributed 18to faculty members feeling ―overburdened‖ with yet another responsibility on already―full plates.‖ Schilling and Schilling (1998) further stated that faculty members are stilluncertain about assessment and this leads to some of their resistance. Another studysuggested to counteract faculty perceptions and resistance to accreditation, ―encourageteamwork and team building through brainstorming, dialogue and discussion, and jointprojects‖ (Palomba & Banta, 1999, pp. 65 66); and ―to set clear and defined roles in theassessment process‖ (Palomba & Banta, 1999, p. 53).The faculty perspectives emerge as a result of how faculty experienceaccreditation. Therefore, it is apparent that the way in which faculty experienceaccreditation is the greatest predictor of the faculty‘s perspectives on the experience
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وتبين هذه الدراسة أن أعضاء هيئة التدريس يريدون أن يكونوا جزءا من عملية الاعتماد
وتبرز بعد عرض آخر مهم أن أعضاء هيئة التدريس تعقد حول اعتماد
العملية. منح أعضاء هيئة التدريس شعور بالتمكين -also ذهب شوطا طويلا في
[جعل الاعتماد] عمل عملية لتحسين المؤسسة
programs‖ الأكاديمية (نيكولز، 1995، ص 18). المزيد من المسؤولية في خلق
وكان تقييم أهداف التعلم بعد تأثير آخر من عملية الاعتماد على
أعضاء هيئة التدريس الحياة الأكاديمية (نيكولز، 1995). هل أدت هذه الدراسة تسليط الضوء على أعضاء هيئة التدريس
الأصوات من حيث صلتها عملية الاعتماد، ولكن متفرد إلقاء الضوء على قصصهم
قد قدمت أكثر قيمة البيانات على آراء وافتراضات من
أعضاء هيئة التدريس من الخبرة مع عملية الاعتماد.
آخر الحقائق المثيرة للاهتمام التي كتبها فيسك وكان دوريا (1977) أنه نتيجة
لعمليات الاعتماد، زادت النقابات أعضاء هيئة التدريس. يبدو أن أعضاء هيئة التدريس ورأى
مهددة بعد تجربة وأحس بالحاجة إلى القدرة على المساومة مع الاعتماد
الوكالات والهيئات الحكومية الأخرى. سماع القصص أعضاء هيئة التدريس حول
خبرة لديه القدرة على إعطاء فهم أوضح لماذا النقابات
زادت والتركيز على كيفية وصول أعضاء هيئة التدريس في تصوراتهم حول
عملية الاعتماد. ومع ذلك، وهناك فجوة في فهم لهذا البحث لا
تمثل تماما أصوات أعضاء هيئة التدريس وكيف أنها تجعل معنى
التجربة.
مدركات كلية ومقاومة الاعتماد التابعة العمليات
تصورات كلية عملية الاعتماد والاعتماد المتعلقة
بأنشطة مثل التقييم ليست ونتيجة إيجابية في مقاومة المساءلة
الجهود مثل عملية الاعتماد. في مقال بعنوان مدير -Differing،
17
تصورات كلية، وأركان الثقافة التنظيمية وصلتها الخارجية
الاعتماد، ‖ كلير H. بروسوبيو (2010) وذكر،
على سبيل الاعتماد لديك ما يسمى القيمة الجوهرية (أي قيمة خارج
ختم كالة اعتماد ل الموافقة والحصول على القروض الطلابية الاتحادية
والمنح)، وقال قادة الاعتماد الكلية التي يجب التغلب على تصور
أعضاء هيئة التدريس والموظفين أن الاعتماد هو مجرد شكلية طارة من خلالها
يجب أن تقفز كل خمس إلى عشر سنوات. (الفقرة 7)
فلا عجب أن عضو هيئة التدريس ترى عملية الاعتماد بشكل مختلف عندما
بروسوبيو (2010) كذلك أن -أنها المحتمل ان قادة محاولة الاعتماد
الحصول على مزيد من المعلومات، تشارك أكثر شدة، وهي، في الواقع، في الأدوار الإشرافية
راض أكثر من نظرائهم غير اللجنة، ‖ و-Least [مع عملية] هي
المجموعتين الإبلاغ involvement‖ نشطة والحد الأدنى (الفقرة 27). وتشير الدراسة
إلى أن مجموعة متورطة الحد الأدنى هو هيئة التدريس. بروسوبيو (2010) وغني عن القول أن تلك
الذين involved‖ -minimally في عملية الاعتماد تجربة عادة
-frustration.‖ وعلاوة على ذلك، -THE اجتماعات إضافية في الواقع و / أو في التصور لا
ضرب أفراد كما منح الجميع الفرصة لتكون المدرجة في المناقشات، إلى
الاستفادة من الإمكانات الإبداعية، أن يؤدي إلى القرارات التي سنت، أو أن يكون الوقت spent‖ جيدا
(بروسوبيو، 2010، الفقرة 28). واحدة من أكثر النتائج ذات الصلة في هذه المقالة البحثية هي:
كلية بحاجة إلى صوت في صياغة ما يرون أن مناخ صحي،
تدفق المعلومات على نحو فعال، واجتماعات مفيدة، ومستويات مناسبة من
المشاركة .... ويبدو أن هذه النتائج تشير إلى أن للغاية مشاركة الراقية
غلة بعض الارتياح مع الثقافة التنظيمية، ولكن ببساطة يطلب منهم
المشاركة (إيجابية أو الحد الأدنى) في [اعتماد] عملية من قبل أولئك الذين
قيادة محركات يصل الإحباط. (بروسوبيو، 2010، الفقرة 30)
حددت شيلينغ وشيلينغ (1998) تصور أن عضو هيئة التدريس لديها نحو
التقييم، واحدة من الأدوار الرئيسية في عملية الاعتماد، باعتبارها واحدة من الازدراء. كلية
يرى أعضاء بأنها واحدة فقط المزيد من الأوامر للمساءلة (بروسوبيو 2010، شيلينغ
وشيلينغ، 1998). ويعزى هذا الازدراء أن يشعر أعضاء هيئة التدريس نحو تقييم أيضا
18
لأعضاء هيئة التدريس الشعور -overburdened‖ معه حتى الآن مسؤولية أخرى على بالفعل
-full plates.‖ ذكر شيلينغ وشيلينغ (1998) إلى أن أعضاء هيئة التدريس لا تزال
غير مؤكدة حول تقييم وهذا يؤدي إلى بعض من مقاومتهم. دراسة أخرى
تشير إلى مواجهة التصورات أعضاء هيئة التدريس ومقاومة للالاعتماد، -encourage
العمل الجماعي وبناء الفريق من خلال تبادل الأفكار والحوار والمناقشة، ومفصل
projects‖ (بالومبا وبانتا، 1999، ص 65 66)؛ و-to تحديد أدوار واضحة ومحددة في
process‖ تقييم (بالومبا وبانتا، 1999، ص 53).
وجهات النظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس تظهر نتيجة لكيفية تجربة هيئة التدريس
الاعتماد. ولذلك، فمن الواضح أن الطريقة التي تجربة كلية
الاعتماد هو أكبر مؤشر للوجهات نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس على تجربة
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