Each year, more than 27,000 persons

Each year, more than 27,000 persons worldwide become living kidney donors; the majority are women.1 Young female donors frequently ask whether kidney donation will affect future pregnancies.2 In late pregnancy, animals that have undergone uninephrectomy have higher levels of blood pressure and urinary protein excretion than control animals with two kidneys.3,4 In humans, the glomerular filtration rate is reduced by about 35% early after donor nephrectomy,5 and women with a similar loss of kidney function from various diseases are at increased risk for preeclampsia.6 Studies of the risk of nongestational hypertension among kidney donors, as compared with nondonors, have had conflicting results, with some studies showing an increased risk7,8 and others showing no increase in risk.9,10 A prominent 2004 international conference concluded that kidney donation poses no risk with respect to future pregnancies.11 However, two subsequent studies, one from Norway and the other from the United States, showed an increased risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia in pregnancies after kidney donation, as compared with pregnancies before donation.12,13 Those findings have been debated,14-17 and many transplantation programs have not incorporated this information into their informed-consent processes. We conducted this study to determine whether donors have a higher risk of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia than do nondonors with similar indicators of baseline health. We also compared other maternal and fetal outcomes.

Results (English) 3:

每年，超过27000人在全球范围内成为活体供肾者；大多数都是女性。1年轻女性献血者经常问捐肾会影响以后怀孕的。2在妊娠晚期，经历了单侧肾切除动物有较高的血压水平与尿蛋白排泄量比对照种动物、人类肾脏，肾小球滤过率是约35%的供肾切除后早期降低，5和女性相似的各种疾病肾功能丧失在子痫前期的风险增加。非妊娠性高血压肾脏捐赠者的风险6研究，与非，有矛盾的结果，一些研究显示增加的risk7，8、其他风险没有增加。9突出2004国际会议认为，捐肾是没有风险与未来的pregnancies.11然而，随后的研究中，一个来自挪威和其他来自美国，显示风险增加妊娠高血压和先兆子痫在怀孕后捐肾，与怀孕前相比，这项捐赠。12、13一直争论不休，14-17和移植程序没有将这一信息知情同意过程。我们进行这项研究，以确定是否捐赠者比基线健康指标做类似非较高的妊娠高血压或先兆子痫的风险。我们还比较了其他的孕产妇和胎儿的结果。