Biomedical and dental applications

Biomedical and dental applications of titanium and its alloys are
constantly increasing because of their high biotolerance, high corrosion
resistance, and a good balance of mechanical properties,
such as light weight as compared with other metallic materials.
A thin, dense, protective oxide layer (mainly TiO2) forms rapidly
on the Ti surface when exposed to the atmosphere. This produces
excellent anti-corrosive and biocompatibility properties. However,
titanium and its alloys exhibit poor osteoinductive properties [1].
As a result, these materials and the means to optimize their biocompatibility
have been extensively studied over the past decades
[2–4]. To improve orthopedic implant integration with the surrounding
bone, various surface treatments for the topographic
and chemical modification of titanium have been attempted. These
include blasting, wet chemical etching, porous-sintering, anodization,
plasma-spraying, hydroxyapatite coating, incorporation of
ions in the titanium oxide, and a combination of these [5]. Among
the various advanced methods for improving the interface properties
and life span of a Ti-based implant [6–8], anodization methods
have attracted great attention because of their controllable, reproducible
results as well as the simple process [9–11]. But, anodization
parameters greatly influence the surface micromorphology,

Results (English) 2:

生物医学钛合金在牙科的应用
不断增加，因为他们的高biotolerance，高耐腐蚀
电阻，和良好的机械性能平衡，
如重量轻与其他金属材料相比。
薄的，致密的，保护性的氧化层（主要是TiO2）形式迅速
在钛表面当暴露在空气中。这产生
优良的耐腐蚀性能和生物相容性。然而，
钛及其合金具有骨诱导性能差，[ 1 ]。
作为一个结果，这些材料和方法来优化他们的生物相容性
已在过去的几十年
[ 4 ] 2–广泛研究。为提高骨科植入物与周围的骨
，各种地形
表面处理钛和化学改性已经尝试。这些
包括爆破，湿化学蚀刻，阳极氧化，多孔烧结，
等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石涂层，钛的氧化物，在
离子掺入，和这些的组合[ 5 ]。在
各种先进的方法提高钛基接口的性能和寿命
植入[ 8 ] 6–，阳极氧化的方法
引起了极大的关注，因为他们的可控的，可重复的
结果以及简单的过程[ 11 ] 9–。但是，阳极氧化
参数对表面形貌，