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EMOTION ANDEMOTION REGULATIONContemporary emotion theories emphasize theways emotions facilitate adaptation by readyingbehavioral responses (Tooby & Cosmides,Chapter 8, this volume), enhancing memoryfor important events (Phelps, 2006), andguiding interpersonal interactions (Keltner &Kring, 1998). However, emotions are by nomeans always helpful. They can hurt us as wellas help us (Parrott, 1993). They do so whenthey are of the wrong type, when they come atthe wrong time, or when they occur at thewrong intensity level. At times such as these,we may be highly motivated to try to regulateour emotions. To understand how emotions areregulated (or become dysregulated), wefirst must consider the target of emotionregulation-namely, emotion itself.What Is Emotion?As with many of the terms we use in psychology,"emotion" was lifted from everyday discourse.For this reason, it has fuzzy boundariesrather than classical edges, and it refers to anastonishing array of happenings-from themild to the intense, the brief to the extended,the simple to the complex, and the private tothe public. Irritation when a shoelace breakscounts. So do amusement at a joke, anger atpolitical oppression, surprise at a friend's new"look," grief at the death of a parent, and guiltover a moral lapse
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