Tunagrahita adalah kondisi yang menggambarkan kecerdasan mental di bawah normal dengan IQ (Intellectual Quetion) terukur kurang dari 70. IQ rendah berdampak pada kemampuan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar. Anak tunagrahita menunjukkan ketidakmampuan adaptasi perilaku yang muncul pada masa perkembangan sebelum usia 18 tahun. Ponorogo merupakan salah satu wilayah dengan kejadian tunagrahita tertinggi di Jawa Timur selain Surabaya, Banyuwangi, dan Malang. Kejadian tunagrahita di Ponorogo menunjukkan peningkatan dari 0,14% pada 2010 menjadi 0,21% pada tahun 2013. Lima desa yang terbentang di lereng pegunungan diidentifikasi sebagai wilayah terdampak GAKY (Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium) sehingga banyak warga menderita keterbelakangan mental. Tunagrahita dikategorikan sebagai tingkatan yaitu, debil (ringan), imbisil (sedang), dan idiot (berat). Gangguan tunagrahita disebabkan oleh faktor internal pada kondisi pre-natal, natal, dan pos-natal. Aplikasi metode regresi logistik ordinal menyimpulkan bahwa pertolongan kelahiran, berat bayi lahir, dan program pantau tumbuh kembang bayi/balita berperan dalam tingkat gangguan tunagrahita dari seorang penderita. Penderita yang proses kelahiran dibantu medis dan berat lahir normal memiliki resiko lebih rendah untuk mengalami tingkat gangguan tunagrahita yang lebih berat, sedangkan penderita yang mengikuti program pantau tumbuh kembang bayi/balita memiliki resiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami tingkat gangguan tunagrahita yang lebih berat.
Kata kunci : debil, idiot, imbisil regresi logistik ordinal, tunagrahita.
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Mental retardation is a condition which describes mental below normal intelligence with an IQ (Intellectual Quetion) measured at less than 70. Low IQ affects the ability of the fulfillment of basic needs. Mental retardation children demonstrate the inability of the adaptation behavior that appears during development before the age of 18 years. Ponorogo is one of the regions with the highest incidence of mental retardation in addition to Surabaya in East Java, Malang and Banyuwangi. Incidence of mental retardation in Ponorogo showed an increase of 0.14% in 2010 to be 0.21% by 2013. Five villages on the slopes of the mountains which are identified as areas affected GAKY (Disorders caused by Iodine Deficiency) so many residents suffer from mental retardation. Mental retardation is categorized as levels i.e., debil (mildly), imbisil (medium), and idiot (by weight). Disorders of mental retardation caused by internal factors on conditions of pre-Christmas, Christmas, and Christmas. Ordinal logistic regression method application concluded that aid the birth weight of the baby, was born, and the program monitor displays are growing baby/toddler plays a role in the level of mental retardation disorder of a sufferer. Sufferers who assisted the birth process medical and normal birth weight had lower risk for experiencing the level of interference more severe mental retardation, while sufferers who follow the program monitor displays are growing baby/toddler have a higher risk for experiencing the level of interference more severe mental retardation.Keywords: debil, idiot, ordinal logistic regression imbisil, mental retardation.
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Mental retardation is a condition that describes the mentally subnormal intelligence with IQ (Intellectual quetion) measured IQ of less than 70. Low impact on the ability of the fulfillment of basic needs. Retarded children showed inability behavioral adaptations that appeared during the development before the age of 18 years. Ponorogo is one of the regions with the highest incidence of mental retardation in addition to Surabaya in East Java, Banyuwangi, Malang. The incidence of mental retardation in Ponorogo showed an increase of 0.14% in 2010 to 0.21% in 2013. The five villages that lie on the slopes of the mountains were identified as the area affected by IDD (Iodine Deficiency Disorders) so many people suffer from mental retardation. Tunagrahita categorized as levels, namely, debilitated (mild), imbecile (medium), and idiot (weight). Tunagrahita disruption caused by internal factors on the condition of pre-natal, natal and post-natal. Applications ordinal logistic regression method to conclude that aid delivery, birth weight, and infant growth monitoring program / toddler play a role in the level of a person with mental retardation disorders. Patients who are medically assisted birth and normal birth weight have a lower risk of experiencing interference level more severe mental retardation, while patients who take the program to monitor growth and development of infants / toddlers have a higher risk to experience a level of more severe mental retardation disorders. Keywords: debilitated, idiot, imbecile ordinal logistic regression, tunagrahita.
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