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Italian popular music at the turn of the 20th century was ready to absorb all possible input coming from the outside world. It was strongly influenced by the Opera, the so called Neapolitan Song, and by foreign musical styles such as the French Café Chantant, and the American Charleston. The First World War literally swept away the world as people knew it bringing new fears, new concerns, and new anxieties. After the war Italy, like many other European countries, was in a precarious economic as well as social state, with old 19th century values abruptly upset by the meaningless cruelty of the war. When people are poor and feel lost and impotent, a dictatorship is bound to arise and that's exactly what happened in Italy.The Fascist movement seized power after the notorious March on Rome on the 30th of October, 1922. From that moment until the end of the regime, twenty years later, Italian culture suffered from an ever-increasing isolation from worldwide trends and influences, and within ten years the only art and culture left in Italy was either plain rhetoric propaganda, mere escapism, or a cunning mix of both. Music was no exception to this phenomenon. The rise of the so called autarchia, a nationalistic policy of preserving the country from every possible kind of foreign influence, led to a retreat from international popular music. On top of everything, this isolation happened in the middle of an incredibly fertile musical moment, when the U.S. was roaring with swing, ragtime, and dixieland and taking its first steps toward rock and roll. It's not difficult to understand how Fascism and its oppression slowed the development of Italian popular music, and led to an inevitable strengthening of the same old, traditional patterns in both lyrics and melody.
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