International donors have promised

International donors have promised more than four billion dollars to the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization. That group, known as the GAVI Alliance, held a pledging conference Monday in London.

GAVI raised six hundred million dollars more than its target goal. Britain led the donations with 1.3 billion dollars in new pledges through twenty-fifteen. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation also promised one billion more over the next five years.

Norway promised more than six hundred seventy million dollars. The United States made four hundred fifty million dollars in new pledges.

GAVI says a record fifty countries requested money for vaccines during its latest application period.

Last week, the group announced an agreement by vaccine makers to cut prices for developing countries. These lower prices, combined with the money raised this week, could protect an extra two hundred fifty million children.

Jeffrey Rowland is a GAVI spokesman.

JEFFREY ROWLAND: "GAVI’s goal over the next five years, by twenty-fifteen, is to immunize millions more children and save an additional four million children’s lives, purely by providing basic vaccines against diseases that are basically almost non-existent in rich countries, as well as providing new vaccines against pneumonia, diarrheal diseases and then hopefully HPV and some other vaccine-preventable diseases.”

HPV is the human papillomavirus, which can lead to cervical cancer. The disease kills two hundred thousand women a year, mostly in developing countries. The Merck company has agreed to offer GAVI the HPV vaccine at five dollars a dose. This is two-thirds less than the current price.

Also, Mr. Rowland said two India-based companies, Serum Institute and Panacea Biotec, will reduce prices on vaccines against five diseases. These are diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenza type b.

Other companies including GlaxoSmithKline and Merck will lower prices for rotavirus vaccines. That virus causes diarrhea that kills about half a million children a year.

JEFFREY ROWLAND: "Almost all children in the world get rotavirus. The thing is that in the United States or in Europe children usually have good access to medical care -- so rehydration, antibiotics, hospitalization. Children in poor countries, on the other hand, usually do not. So, by the time a mother brings her child to a clinic after having diarrhea, that child is near death. And oftentimes the antibiotics and the services are not available to save the child’s life."

A rotavirus vaccine in the United States can cost as much as fifty dollars. Under the new plan, this same vaccine could cost about two and a half dollars in a developing country.

The GAVI Alliance says almost two million children a year die from diseases that vaccines can prevent.

Results (English) 3:

国际捐助者已经向全球疫苗和免疫联盟承诺四十亿美元以上的资金。这一组，称为GAVI联盟，认捐会议，在伦敦举行的星期一。

GAVI募集六亿美元超过其目标。英国1300000000美元的捐款，通过二零一五美元的新承诺。比尔和梅林达盖茨基金会也承诺十亿在接下来的五年。

挪威承诺超过六亿七千万美元。美国在新的认捐四亿五千万美元。

GAVI表示，创纪录的五十个国家要求钱疫苗在其最新的应用阶段。

上周，该集团宣布了一项协议，由疫苗生产商削减发展中国家的价格。这些价格较低，加上本周筹集到的资金，可以保护一个额外的二亿五千万个孩子。

杰夫瑞罗兰是GAVI发言人。

杰夫瑞罗兰：“GAVI的目标在未来五年内，二零一五，是使数以百万计的儿童和拯救四百万个孩子的生活，单纯的通过提供基本的疫苗基本上都是在发达国家几乎不存在的疾病，以及提供针对肺炎的新疫苗，腹泻、HPV和其他一些疫苗可预防的疾病。”

HPV是人乳头状瘤病毒，可导致宫颈癌。该疾病每年造成二十万名妇女死亡，大部分是在发展中国家。默克公司已同意提供五美元的疫苗HPV疫苗剂量。这是三分之二比目前的价格。

也，罗兰先生说的两个印度公司，血清研究所和万能的生物技术，将降低价格的疫苗预防五种疾病。这些是白喉，破伤风，百日咳，乙型肝炎和流感嗜血杆菌B型

其他公司包括默克和葛兰素史克将降低轮状病毒疫苗的价格。这种病毒引起腹泻，导致约一百万名儿童死亡一年，罗兰杰夫瑞：“几乎所有的儿童在世界上获得轮状病毒。问题是，在美国和欧洲的孩子通常都有良好的医疗保健——补液，抗生素，住院。贫困国家的儿童，另一方面，通常不。因此，一位母亲带着孩子去一家诊所的时候，她肚子疼，那孩子就快要死了。通常，抗生素和服务不足以挽救孩子的生命。”

轮状病毒疫苗在美国的售价高达五十美元。在新计划下，这种疫苗可能成本约两个半美元的发展中国家。

GAVI联盟说，几乎每年有二百万儿童死于可预防疾病的疫苗。