“A nickel ain’t worth a dime anymor

“A nickel ain’t worth a dime anymore,” baseball player Yogi Berra once observed.
Indeed, throughout recent history, the real values behind the nickel, the dime, and
the dollar have not been stable. Persistent increases in the overall level of prices
have been the norm. Such inflation reduces the purchasing power of each unit of
money over time. When comparing dollar figures from different times, it is impor-
tant to keep in mind that a dollar today is not the same as a dollar twenty years
ago or, most likely, twenty years from now.
This chapter has discussed how economists measure the overall level of prices
in the economy and how they use price indexes to correct economic variables
for the effects of inflation. Price indexes allow us to compare dollar figures from
different points in time and, therefore, get a better sense of how the economy is
changing.
The discussion of price indexes in this chapter, together with the preceding
chapter’s discussion of GDP, is only a first step in the study of macroeconomics.
We have not yet examined what determines a nation’s GDP or the causes and
effects of inflation. To do that, we need to go beyond issues of measurement.
Indeed, that is our next task. Having explained how economists measure mac-
roeconomic quantities and prices in the past two chapters, we are now ready to
develop the models that explain movements in these variables.

Results (English) 3:

“镍不是一文不值了，“棒球选手约吉·贝拉说过。事实上，纵观近代史以来，真正的价值观背后的“镍”、“一角”、“”和“。持续增加，在整体水平的价格，一直是规范。这样的通货膨胀，降低了每个单位的购买力，随着时间的推移。当比较不同时期的美元数字，它是具有
想记住今天一美元是不一样的
美元二十年前，最有可能的是，从现在开始的二十年。
本章讨论了经济学家如何衡量价格
在经济总体水平以及他们如何使用价格指数来校正经济变量
对通货膨胀的影响。价格指数使我们能够从不同的时间点比较美元的数据，因此，更好地了解经济是如何改变的。本章讨论的价格指标，与前一章的国内生产总值的讨论，只是宏观经济学研究的第一步。我们还没有检查什么决定一个国家的国内生产总值或原因和通货膨胀效应。要做到这一问题，我们需要超越测量的问题。事实上，这是我们的下一个任务。阐述了经济学家如何衡量MAC -
宏观经济数量和价格在过去两章，我们现在准备
开发模型来解释这些变量的变动。