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Green Supply Chain PracticesThe consideration of interorganizational activities related to environmental managementis the primary characteristic of Green Supply Chain Practices (GSCP). They differ fromenvironmental technologies, discussed in the last sub-section, as the latter is mainlyinternally focused. Unlike environmental technologies and partly due to the lack ofconsensus in the supply chain management literature, it is more difficult to conceptuallydevelop GSCP in a solid theoretical framework. This absence of a theoretical frameworkcan explain the broad range of definitions and conceptualizations found in the literature.For instance, environmental issues in the supply chain have been labeled and definedusing a variety of terms including green supply (Bowen et al. 2001), environmentalpurchasing (Carter and Carter 1998; Zsidisin and Siferd 2001), green purchasing (Minand Galle 1997), and green value chain (Handfield et al. 1997). To this literature, oneneeds to add the numerous studies on product stewardship (e.g., Snir 2001), life-cycleanalysis(e.g., McIntyre et al. 1998), reverse logistics (e.g., Stock 1998), and productrecovery (e.g., Thierry et al. 1995). However, from these several studies, it is possible toextract some generally accepted characteristics about GSCP; they include:(i) interaction between a buying plant and its suppliers directed atachieving sustained improvements in environmental performance at thebuying organization’s plant (Handfield et al. 1997; Hines et al. 2000);(ii) interaction between a buying plant and its suppliers directed atachieving sustained improvements in environmental performance at thesuppliers’ plant (Gavaghan et al. 1998; Lippmann 1999); and(iii) information gathering and processing in order to evaluate or to controlsuppliers’ behavior regarding the natural environment (Krut and Karasin1999; Min and Galle 1997).
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