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Income inequality in Thailand is
among the highest in Southeast Asia.
Various measures of income inequality
show that Thailand’s income distribution is
skewed toward a small percentage of the
population. The richest 20% of households
account for over half of total household
incomes in Thailand (Figure 2). The Gini
index of household income (a measure of
income inequality) at around 0.51 is among
the highest in Southeast Asia,1
and similar
to estimates found for several Latin
American economies that until recently
faced persistent inequality—Argentina,
Brazil, Costa Rica, and Mexico. The
concentration of wealth (financial assets) is
1
Indonesia, Malaysia, and Viet Nam have Gini indexes below 0.40.
Figure 1: Poverty Incidence
by Subnational Region
(% share of region’s population)
Note: Poverty rates refer to persons above 15 years of age.
Source: National Economic and Social Development Board
(NESDB). 2008. Household Socio-Economic Survey 2008.
Figure 2: Income Distribution in Thailand
Source: NESDB. 2008. Household Socio-Economic Survey 2008.
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