The first isolation of measles viru

The first isolation of measles virus was described in 1954
and the virus is named the Edmonston strain after
the child concerned. Isolation used primary human kidney and
primary human amnion cells and the virus was subsequently
pass aged 12 times in embryonted chicken eggs and 19 times in
primary chick embryo fibroblast to produce the first candidate
measles vaccine. The Edmonston B vaccine was derived from this
strain by a further five passages in chick embryo fibroblasts at36–
37 1C. It was associated with fever and was initially given with
immunoglobulin to reduce its virulence further; production lots in
cell culture were said to be less reactogenic and were licensed for use
with or without immunoglobulin. Other strains were developed from
the Edmonston strain,and an outline of some of there sulting
vaccines still in global use is given in Fig. 4. In later years there were
attempts to develop a convincing animal model and it was shown
that the isolation of the virus in the usual cell types such as Vero or
human diploid cells gave rise to a virus that would not cause measles
in primates to the same degree as unpassaged virus(Kobuneetal.,
1996;vanBinnendijketal.,1994). Isolation in peripheral blood
lymphocytes or the marmoset B cell line B 95 a gave viruses that
were virulent,and also improved the isolati on rate,suggesting that
the viruses are more like the wild type,and cells infected in disease
are similar to the lymphocyte lines(Kobuneetal.,1990).
The Moraten strain was derived from Edmonston B by 40 further
passages in chick cell culture at 321 (Hillemanetal.,1968); the
Schwarz strain by 85 further passages of Edmonston A in chick cells
(Schwarz,1962) and Edmonston Zagreb by passage of Edmonston B in
the human diploid fibroblast line WI38(Ikicetal.,1970,1972). The
AIK-C strain was derived from the original Edmonston B by grow that
low temperature in chick cells(Hirayama,1983;Makino,1983).
Fig. 4. Genealogy of measles vaccines derived from the Edmonston strain.
386 P.D. Minor / Virology 479-480 (2015) 379–392

pass aged passages

Results (Indonesian) 1:

Isolasi pertama virus campak digambarkan pada tahun 1954dan virus bernama Edmonston ketegangan setelahanak yang bersangkutan. Isolasi digunakan utama ginjal manusia dansel-sel amnion manusia utama dan virus menjabatmelewati umur 12 kali dalam embryonted telur ayam dan 19 kalicewek utama embrio fibroblast menghasilkan calon pertamaVaksin Campak. Vaksin Edmonston B berasal dari iniketegangan dengan lebih lanjut lima bagian cewek embrio fibroblas at36-37 1C. Itu dikaitkan dengan demam dan awalnya diberikan denganantibodi untuk mengurangi virulensi yang lebih lanjut; banyak produksikultur sel dikatakan kurang reactogenic dan yang berlisensi untuk penggunaandengan atau tanpa antibodi. Strain lain dikembangkan dariketegangan Edmonston, dan garis besar dari beberapa ada sultingvaksin masih dalam penggunaan global diberikan dalam gambar 4. Di tahun-tahun berikutnya yang adaupaya untuk mengembangkan model hewan yang meyakinkan dan itu ditunjukkanisolasi virus pada sel biasa jenis seperti Vero atausel-sel manusia diploid memunculkan virus yang tidak akan menyebabkan campakpada primata derajat yang sama sebagai unpassaged virus(Kobuneetal.,1996; vanBinnendijketal., 1994). Isolasi dalam darah periferlimfosit atau marmoset sel B baris B 95 memberikan virus yangyang mematikan, dan juga meningkatkan isolati pada tingkat, menunjukkan bahwavirus lebih seperti jenis liar, dan sel-sel yang terinfeksi penyakitmirip dengan lines(Kobuneetal.,1990) limfosit.Ketegangan Moraten berasal dari Edmonston B oleh 40 lebih lanjutayat-ayat dalam kultur sel cewek di 321 (Hillemanetal., 1968); TheKetegangan Schwarz oleh ayat-ayat lebih lanjut 85 Edmonston a chick sel(Schwarz, 1962) dan Edmonston Zagreb oleh bagian b Edmonston digaris fibroblas diploid manusia WI38(Ikicetal.,1970,1972). TheAIK-C ketegangan berasal dari asli Edmonston B dengan tumbuh yangsuhu rendah dalam sel-sel cewek (Hirayama, 1983; Makino, 1983).Gambar 4. Genealogi Vaksin Campak berasal dari ketegangan Edmonston.386 P.D. Minor / virologi 479-480 (2015) 379-392melewati bagian umur