Второй континентальный конгресс в Ф

Второй континентальный конгресс в Филадельфии состояв-шийся в мае 1775 г., представлявший все колонии, восставшие против Англии, принял решение разорвать с ней отношения и создать американскую армию. В нее вошли и ранее созданные парти-занские отряды. Главнокомандующим был назначен Джордж Вашингтон (1732-1799). На своем трудном и ответственном посту Вашингтон показал себя умелым полководцем, полным решимо-сти вести борьбу до полного освобождения восставших колоний от английского гнета.
4 июля 1776 г. Конгресс принял Декларацию независимости. Этим документом восставшие колонии провозглашали себя свободными и независимыми государствами, объединившимися в Соединенные Штаты Америки. 4 июля ежегодно празднуется в США как День независимости, хотя после подписания Декларации прошло пять долгих дет до окончательной победы американ-цев в войне и семь лет до подписания Парижского мирного договора.
Автором Декларации независимости был самый молодой конгрессмен 33-летний Томас Джефферсон (1743-1826) – выдающийся демократический деятель американской революции, ученик и последователь французских просветителей, чьи передовые демократические идеи и были положены в основу Декларации независимости. В соответствии с этими идеями Джефферсон внес в проект Декларации пункт, предусматривающий уничтожение рабства, но богатые плантаторы и арендаторы, представленные большинством в Конгрессе, добились исключения его из оконча-тельного текста Декларации.
Таким образом, в молодом, свободном государстве, еще только что отстаивающем свою не-зависимость, сохранялось рабство. Но в целом для того времени, когда почти во всем мире гос-подствовал феодальный строй, с его сословным неравенством, политическим бесправием и сред-невековой косностью, Декларация независимости, гордо провозгласившая права людей на свобо-ду, была весьма прогрессивным документом. В этом важнейшем документе эпохи нашли отраже-ние идеи талантливых деятелей Американской революции; Д. Вашингтона (1732-1799), Д. Адамса (1735-1826), С. Адамса (1722-1803), Б. Франклина (1706-1790), Т. Пейна (1737-1809).
Самым знаменитым американским деятелем войны за независимость стал главнокоман-дующий американскими войсками, первый президент США, один из наиболее почитаемых героев США, Джордж Вашингтон. Его именем названа столица государства и один из его штатов.
Декларация стала первым документом, в котором обосновывались права и принципы демо-кратического правления. Главным из них объявлялась политическая власть, исходящая от народа и призванная защищать интересы всех граждан.
Провозгласить независимость Соединенных Штатов вовсе не означало обеспечить ее на деле. Для этого надо было еще пройти через тяжелую, длительную, шедшую с переменным успехом войну с Англией. Многие передовые люди из разных стран, в том числе будущий известный со-циалист-утопист Сен-Симон (1760-1825), руководитель польского освободительного движения Тадеуш Костюшко и др., уже сражались с «парнями свободы», как называли американских вои-нов.

Results (English) 1:

The second Continental Congress in Philadelphia held in may 1775, the colony, representing all the rebelling against England, has decided to break off her relationship and create the American army. It includes pre-existing party-zanskie units. The Commander-in-Chief was appointed George Washington (1732-1799). At its difficult and responsible position of Washington proved to be a skillful military leader, complete the reshimo-style fight to the full release of the rebel colonies from English oppression.July 4, 1776 Congress adopted the Declaration of independence. The rebels colony declared itself free and independent States, allied to the United States. July 4 is celebrated annually in the United States as independence day, although since the signing of the Declaration, it has been five long years before the final victory of the American zone in the war and seven years before the signing of the Paris peace treaty.The author of the Declaration of independence was the youngest Congressman 33-year-old Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), a prominent democratic figure in the American Revolution, a disciple and follower of French educators, whose advanced democratic ideas and formed the basis of the Declaration of independence. In accordance with these ideas Jefferson introduced the draft Declaration paragraph providing for the destruction of slavery, but the rich plantation owners and renters, the majority in Congress, have made exceptions from the final text of the Declaration.Thus, in the young, free State, had just otstaivaûŝem its not addiction, slavery persisted. But in General, for the time, when almost all over the world State-podstvoval, with its feudal system is inequality, political disenfranchisement and medium rigidity of medieval, Declaration of independence, proudly proclaimed the right of people to freedom-do, has been very progressive document. In this crucial document of the era were reflected by the idea of talented personalities of the American Revolution; D. Washington (1732-1799), d. Adams (1735-1826), s. Adams (1722-1803), b. Franklin (1706-1790), t. Paine (1737-1809).The most famous American figure in the war of independence became Commander-in-Chief blowing by American troops, the first President of the United States, one of the most admired heroes of the United States, George Washington. It is named after the capital of the country and one of its States.The Declaration was the first to have settled law and the principles of democratic governance demo. Chief among them was the political power of the people and to defend the interests of all citizens.Proclaim the independence of the United States does not mean it actually. For this had yet to go through a heavy, long, with varying success, going to war with England. Many forward-thinking people from various countries, including the future of specialist-known utopian Saint-Simon (1760-1825), the head of the Polish Commander Tadeusz Kosciuszko, and others, have battled with the guys of freedom ", as they called American warriors-new.

Results (English) 2:

Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia Consisting-shiysya in May 1775, represents all the colonies revolted against England, he decided to break off relations with it and create the American army. It includes the previously-created party Zan teams. He was appointed Chief of the George Washington (1732-1799). At its difficult and responsible position of Washington has shown himself able commander, determined to fight-sti to the complete liberation of the rebel colonies from British oppression.
July 4, 1776, Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence. This document rebellious colonies proclaimed themselves free and independent states, have joined the United States. July 4th is celebrated each year in the US as Independence Day, but after the signing of the Declaration has been five long children until the final victory of the US-ant in the war and seven years before the signing of the Paris Peace Treaty.
The author of the Declaration of Independence was the youngest congressman 33-year-old Thomas Jefferson (1743- 1826) - a prominent democratic leaders of the American Revolution, a disciple and follower of the French Enlightenment, whose progressive and democratic ideas were the basis of the Declaration of Independence. In accordance with these ideas of Jefferson, introduced the draft Declaration Paragraph stipulating the abolition of slavery, but the rich plantation owners and tenants, represented a majority in Congress, have made ​​its exclusion from the enforcement-A definitive text of the Declaration.
Thus, young, free state, has just defended their non-dependence, slavery persisted. But in general, for the time when much of the world the state-podstvoval feudal system with its class inequality, political disenfranchisement and medium-inertia Ages, the Declaration of Independence, proudly proclaimed the people's right to do svob was very progressive document. This important document found reflection-era ideas of talented leaders of the American Revolution; George Washington (1732-1799), D. Adams (1735-1826), S. Adams (1722-1803), Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790), Thomas Paine (1737-1809).
The most famous figure in American War Independence became glavnokoman-blowing by US troops, the first president of the United States, one of the most revered heroes of the United States, George Washington. It is named after the capital of the state and one of its states.
The Declaration was the first document that justified rights and demo cratic principles of governance. Chief among them was declared political power emanating from the people and designed to protect the interests of all citizens.
To proclaim the independence of the United States did not mean to ensure it in practice. To do this it was necessary to go through even heavy, long, marching with varying success a war with England. Many progressive people from different countries, including the future famous co-cialist utopian Saint-Simon (1760-1825), head of the Polish liberation movement Tadeusz Kosciuszko et al., Have fought against the "boys liberty" as they called the US-new warriors .

Results (English) 3:

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