Introduction:
When baking a pastry, we need a detailed recipe if it is new dish. Anyhow, the recipe will not be
needed if we have experience baking that particular pastry. Newby, Stepich, Lehman, & Russell
(2000) made an analogy to the baker’s use of recipe to introduce the concept of instructional
design. Newby, Stepich, Lehman, and Russell Instructional Model, also known as the PIE model
is primarily designed for teachers to implement technology into their classrooms. This model
focuses “on classroom instruction created and delivered by the same individual…with an
emphasis on using media and technology to assist them” (Gustafson and Branch, p. 24). The use
of instructional media is stressed in this model to assist student-centered learning.