Scientific description
How does the snake form?
When sugar (C12H22O11) burns (combusts), it turns into water vapor and carbon dioxide. However, complete combustion requires a good oxygen supply. Other complex processes take place at high temperatures, because the flow of oxygen to the inner parts of the pile of sugar is hindered. These processes include the decomposition of sugar to give carbon and water vapor. It is this decomposition to give carbon that gives us a carbon "snake".
Why do we add baking soda (NaHCO3) to the sugar?
Baking soda decomposes when heated to release carbon dioxide (CO2):
2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
Baking soda is added to bread dough to make it rise, and it is the same for this experiment. The carbon dioxide and water vapor that is given off make the snake light and airy, which allows the snake to grow.
What is this "snake" made of?
The "snake" consists of mainly carbon that comes from the heated sugar, but which was not burnt in the flame. The carbon is what makes the "snake" black. There is also Na2CO3 in the snake, which results from the decomposition of the baking soda when heated.
What chemical reactions occur in the process of formation of the "snake"?
The three main reactions in this process are:
• Combustion of sugar (good oxygen supply available) to give carbon dioxide and water vapor:
С12H22O11 + 12O2 → 12CO2 + 11H2O
• Thermal decomposition of sugar to give carbon and water vapor:
С12H22O11 → 12C + 11H2O
• Thermal decomposition of baking soda to give sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water vapor:
2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
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Scientific descriptionHow does the snake form?When sugar (C12H22O11) burns (combusts), it turns into water vapor and carbon dioxide. However, complete combustion requires a good oxygen supply. Other complex processes take place at high temperatures, because the flow of oxygen to the inner parts of the pile of sugar is hindered. These processes include the decomposition of sugar to give carbon and water vapor. It is this decomposition to give carbon that gives us a carbon "snake".Why do we add baking soda (NaHCO3) to the sugar?Baking soda decomposes when heated to release carbon dioxide (CO2):2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2Baking soda is added to bread dough to make it rise, and it is the same for this experiment. The carbon dioxide and water vapor that is given off make the snake light and airy, which allows the snake to grow.What is this "snake" made of?The "snake" consists of mainly carbon that comes from the heated sugar, but which was not burnt in the flame. The carbon is what makes the "snake" black. There is also Na2CO3 in the snake, which results from the decomposition of the baking soda when heated.What chemical reactions occur in the process of formation of the "snake"?The three main reactions in this process are:• Combustion of sugar (good oxygen supply available) to give carbon dioxide and water vapor:С12H22O11 + 12O2 → 12CO2 + 11H2O• Thermal decomposition of sugar to give carbon and water vapor:→ С12H22O11 12 C + 11H2O•ย่อยสลายความร้อนของโซดาเพื่อ ให้โซเดียมคาร์บอเนต คาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ ไอน้ำ:2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
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