Опубликовано в разделе Здоровье, 07

Опубликовано в разделе Здоровье, 07.02.2011, 10023 просмотра


Воспитание ребенка по Споку

После того как умер Бенджамин Спок, американские информационные агентства сообщи­ли, что общие тиражи книги Спока «Ребенок и уход за ним» уступают лишь тиражам Библии.

Почему столь популярным ока­зался обычный учебник, а точнее са­моучитель по педиатрии? Пеленки, молочные смеси, детские болезни, детские шалости — вот круг про­блем, охватываемых этой книгой, как и тысячами других полезных книг, издаваемых для врачей и для роди­телей. Причем надо сказать, что док­тор Спок не предложил каких-то но­вых, революционных способов сти­рать пеленки, изготовлять молочные смеси, лечить болезни или успокаи­вать расшалившихся детей. Худо-бедно, но и до Спока родители рас­тили своих детей. И судя по тому, что хороших людей во все века выраста­ло не так уж мало, очень многие ро­дители делали это совсем неплохо.

Но и до появления Библии были хорошие, честные, добрые люди. И даже среди тех, кто ни разу в жизни не брал Библию в руки, было немало достойнейших…

Заслуга доктора Спока в том, что он первым убедительно доказал, что ребенка можно и нужно воспитывать без насилия, что любовь и доброта сильнее, эффективнее принуждения, что уважение к ребенку и к миру его интересов, прежде всего к его духов­ным запросам — залог воспитания в нем лучших человеческих качеств. И еще доктор Спок считал, что жизнь родителей не должна ограничиваться воспитанием детей, она самоценна так же, как и жизнь ребенка.

Да, воспитание — тяжелый труд, но этот труд должен приносить ра­дость и к тому же оставлять родителям место и для других радостей жизни.

Эти постулаты Спока внесли не­малый переполох. Оказывается, ре­бенка совсем не обязательно кор­мить в определенные часы. Оказы­вается, его нельзя шлепать, а надо побольше ласкать. Оказывается, следует чаще доверять его инстинк­ту: он сам знает, что из еды ему по­лезно, знает, когда ему ложиться спать, а когда и сколько надо побе­гать.

Возражений было и есть более чем достаточно. Что же, идти на по­воду у ребенка? А если он бегать захочет ночью? А если у него вовсе нет желания есть? А если его шало­сти всем мешают? А если… Да, воз­ражения весьма резонны. Особенно в обществе, где главенствует догмат дисциплины, где подчинение счита­ется более существенным, чем лич­ностные порывы.

Что же, идеи Спока, как и любые другие идеи, можно довести до аб­сурда. Реализовывать их действи­тельно труднее, чем заставлять под­чиняться. Но сломленный ребенок станет ущербным человеком. А вот обласканный, радостный, любимый и во взрослую жизнь придет с ощуще­нием счастья и готовностью делать людям добро.

Нравственный облик формирует­ся уже в процессе самых простых дел — кормления, пеленания, купа­ния. Во время игр и общения с роди­телями и сверстниками. По мнению Спока, уже к 2-4 годам личность ре­бенка в основном сформирована и чем выше дружелюбие, доброжела­тельность, уважение, справедли­вость родителей, тем более высоким нравственным идеалам будет соот­ветствовать эта личность.

Спок дает рецепты, объясняет, как приучать ребенка к дисциплине лаской и любовью, как помогать ему без насилия, слез и огорчений позна­вать науку жить среди людей. Кон­кретный и простой пример — отры­вок из книги, который мы публикуем в этом номере нашего журнала.

У Спока всегда было много вра­гов. Потому что его идеи гуманного воспитания жестко противостоят дог­матам воспитания тоталитарного. Ведь человеком, воспитанным в дет­стве «по Споку» (даже если его ро­дители ничего о Споке и не слыхали), трудно управлять. Чтобы выполнять распоряжения или приказы, которые противоречат его взглядам, его нату­ре, человека надо сломать. А сло­мать взрослого, сложившегося чело­века — катастрофа.

Растет число детей, воспитанных по Споку, — растет количество ката­строф. Свободная личность, попав в обстоятельства неприемлемые для нее, вынуждена вступать в жесткое противостояние, где победу не га­рантирует никто.

Что делать? Я убежден — воспи­тывать детей по Споку. Чем таких людей больше, тем заметнее меня­ется общество.

Америка впервые столкнулась с «проблемой Спока» в шестидесятых годах, когда массовым стал отказ американских юношей воевать во Вьетнаме. Жестокая, бессмысленная война противостояла идеям гума­низма. Тут-то и вспомнили про воль­нодумную книгу Спока, приписывая ей идеи вседозволенности. Дело до­шло до шумного судебного процесса над Споком и несколькими его еди­номышленниками. Доктор получил два года тюрьмы. Вот вам и учебник педиатрии!..

Мне посчастливилось провести в Москве один день вместе с этим ве­ликим человеком.

Дело было в августе 1977 года. В антиамериканской пропагандистской кампании процесс над Споком был прекрасным козырем. И знаменитого доктора пригласили в Советский Со­юз, хотя его идеи очень не подходили нашей догматической коллективист­ской педагогике и строго регламенти­рованной педиатрии. К тому времени книга Спока у нас уже была издана, причем хорошими тиражами. Во всех рецензиях, а также в предисловии к ней много говор

Results (English) 1:

Posted in health, 07.02.2011, 10023 browse The upbringing of the child by SpokuAfter the death of Benjamin Spock, American news agencies reported that the general circulation books Spock "child care" and yield only draws the Bible.Why so popular turned out to be an ordinary textbook, but rather self help in Pediatrics? Diapers, baby formula, baby disease, baby pranks are the range of problems covered by this book, as well as thousands of other useful books issued to doctors and parents. And I must say that Dr. Spock had not proposed any new, revolutionary way to wash diapers, to produce formula milk, cure diseases or tranquilize children rasšalivšihsâ. Somehow, but Spock parents raise their children. And judging by the fact that the good people in all ages the not so little ones, very many parents did it quite well.But before the advent of the Bible were good, honest, good people. And even among those who never in his life did not take the Bible in hand, it was a lot of merit.Merit of Dr. Spock, that he was the first to convincingly prove that the child can and should be brought up without violence, that love and kindness are stronger, more efficient coercion, respect for the child and the world's interests, especially his spiritual requests — a pledge of nurturing in him the best human qualities. And even Dr. Spock felt that life should not be limited to parents raising children, it is a value as such in the same way as the life of a child.Yes, education is hard work, but the work should bring joy and leave parents place and other joys of life.These postulates Spock made considerable stir. It turns out that a child may not necessarily feed during certain hours. It turns out that his cannot be spank, but should get plenty of caress. It turns out to be more likely to trust his instinct: he knows that eating it is useful to know when you go to sleep, and when and how much to run.Objection was and is more than enough. Well, go on about your child? And if he wants to run around at night? And if he does not wish to have? And if his antics all hinder? And if ... Yes, objections very assertion. Especially in a society where the dogma rules, discipline, where the submissive is considered more significant than personal impulses.That same idea of Spock, as well as any other ideas you can bring to the absurd. Implement them really harder than compel obedience. But a broken child becomes flawed man. And here is the question, joyful, favorite and into adulthood will come with a sense of happiness and willingness to make people welcome.Ethos formed already in the process of the most simple cases — feeding, diapering, bathing. During the games, and communicate with parents and peers. According to Spock, by 2-4 years child's personality has been formed and basically the higher the friendliness, kindness, respect, and fairness of the parents, the more high moral ideals will correspond to this personality.Spock gives recipes, explains how to teach a child to love, affection and discipline as helping him without violence, tears and grief to learn science to live among humans. Concrete and simple example is an excerpt from the book that we publish in this issue of our magazine.Spock have always had a lot of enemies. Because his ideas of humane education rigidly oppose education tenets totalitarian. Because man, mannered in childhood "on Spoku" (even if his parents Spoke of anything and not heard), difficult to manage. To comply with the orders or orders that contradict his views, his human nature, it is necessary to break down. And break adult human situation is a disaster.A growing number of children raised on Spoku — a growing number of disasters. Free personality, hitting in circumstances unacceptable to her, forced to engage in tough confrontation, where victory is not guaranteed.What should I do? I am convinced-Spoku on child-rearing. Than such people more, the more noticeable changes society.America first encountered the "problem" of Spock in the sixties, when massive denial of American boys to fight in Vietnam. Brutal, senseless war against ideas of humanism. That's remembered about vol′nodumnuû book, Spock, attributing her idea of permissiveness. It came to a sprawling trial of Spokom and several of his associates. The doctor got two years in prison. Here you have a tutorial and Pediatrics!I was lucky enough to spend one day in Moscow together with this great man.The case was in August 1977 year. In anti-American propaganda campaign process over Spokom was a wonderful asset. And the famous doctor was invited to the Soviet Union, while his ideas really did not fit our dogmatic collectivist pedagogy and strictly regimented Pediatrics. By the time the book Spock we have already been issued, with good circulation. All reviews, as well as in the preface to her many dialect

Results (English) 2:

Published in Health, 07.02.2011, view 10023 Education for Spock child After he died, Benjamin Spock, American news agencies reported that the general circulation of the book Spock's "Baby and Child Care" circulations are second only to the Bible. Why so popular turned out to be an ordinary textbook or rather a tutorial on pediatrics? Diapers, infant formula, childhood diseases, children's pranks - that the range of problems covered by this book, as well as thousands of other useful books published for physicians and parents. And I must say that Dr. Spock did not offer any new, revolutionary way to wash diapers, manufacturing infant formula, to treat disease or to calm rambunctious children. At the very least, but Spock's parents to raise their children. And judging by the fact that the good people of all ages grew not so little, many parents do it quite well. But even before the advent of the Bible were good, honest, kind people. And even among those who never in his life did not take the Bible in hand, there were many deserving ... The merit of Dr. Spock that he first proved conclusively that the child can and should educate without violence, love and kindness is stronger, more effective enforcement, that respect for the child and the world's interests above all to its spiritual needs - the key to education in its best human qualities. And even Dr. Spock believed that the lives of parents should not be limited to raising children, it is valuable in itself as well as the life of a child. Yes, education - hard work, but this work should bring joy and also leave parents a place for other pleasures of life . These postulates Spock made ​​a considerable stir. It turns out that the child is not necessary to feed at certain hours. It turns out that it can not spank, and should be a little more caressing. It turns out to be more likely to trust his instincts: he knows what food it is useful, knows when he lay down to sleep, and when and how much to run. No objection was and is more than enough. Well, go on about the baby? And if he wants to run at night? And if he does not have the desire to eat? And if his antics all the way? And if ... Yes, the objection is quite reasonable. Especially in a society dominated by the dogma of discipline, where submission is considered to be more important than personal impulses. What ideas Spock, as well as any other ideas can be brought to the point of absurdity. Implement them really difficult, than to force to obey. But a broken child becomes flawed man. But caressed, joy, love, and come into adulthood with a sense of happiness and willingness to do good for people. The moral shape is formed in the course of the simplest cases - feeding, diapering, bathing. During the games, and communicate with their parents and peers. According to Spock, to have 2-4 years of the child's personality is basically formed and the higher the friendliness, kindness, respect, justice, the parents, the higher moral ideals will meet this person. Spock gives recipes, explains how to teach a child to discipline and affection love, how to help him without violence, tears and grief to learn the science of living among the people. The concrete and simple example - an excerpt from the book, which we publish in this issue of our magazine. Spock has always been a lot of enemies. Because his ideas of humane education rigidly oppose totalitarian dogmas of upbringing. After all, a man brought up as a child "for Spock" (even if his parents anything about Spock and not heard), it is difficult to control. In order to comply with the orders or orders that are contrary to his views, his nature, man must break. A break down of the adult, the existing human -. Accident increasing number of children raised by Spock - a growing number of disasters. Free personality, once in circumstances unacceptable to her, forced to engage in tough confrontation where victory does not guarantee one. What should I do? I am convinced - to educate children on Spock. The longer such people, the more noticeable changes society. America first encountered the "problem Spock" in the sixties, when the mass was the refusal of American boys fighting in Vietnam. The brutal, senseless war opposed to the ideas of humanism. And then I remember the book about the freethinking Spock, attributing to her the idea of permissiveness. It came to a noisy trial Spock and several of his associates. The doctor received two years in prison. Here is the textbook of pediatrics! .. I was lucky enough to spend in Moscow one day with this great man. It was in August 1977. The anti-American propaganda campaign trial Spock was a great asset. And the famous doctor was invited to the Soviet Union, though his ideas are not suited to our collectivist dogmatic pedagogy and strictly regulated Pediatrics. By the time the book Spock have already been published, and good circulation. All reviews, as well as in the introduction to her talk a lot

Results (English) 3:

published in the health, 07.02.2011, 10023 viewerthe upbringing of the child by spockafter he died, benjamin spock, the united states information agency сообщи­ли that general circulation books, spock"s "baby and child care" are only the circulation of the bible.why so popular ока­зался ordinary textbook, specifically са­моучитель pediatrics? diapers and milk mixture, childhood diseases, childish prank - a circle про­блем covered by this book, like thousands of other useful books issued to doctors and роди­телей. and i must say that док­тор spock didn"t offer any но­вых revolutionary ways сти­рать diapers, make the milk mixture to treat disease or успокаи­вать расшалившихся children. somehow or other, but рас­тили spock"s parents and their children. and judging from what the good people at all ages выраста­ло not so little, very many ро­дители did it quite well.but before the emergence of the bible were good, honest, good people. and even among those who never took the bible in hand, many достойнейших...dr. spock"s achievement is that he first clearly proved that the child can and should raise without violence, love and kindness is more effective restraint, respect for the child and for the peace of his interests, particularly to his духов­ным demands is the key in the education of humanity. and dr. spock believed that parents should not be limited to the upbringing of children, she самоценна as the life of the child.yes, education is hard work, but the work must be ра­дость plus leave parents place and other pleasures of life.these postulates spock had не­малый stir. it turns out ре­бенка not necessarily кор­мить at certain hours. оказы­вается, not hitting, and need more touching. it turns out to be more trusting of his инстинк­ту: he knows what to eat him по­лезно, know when to sleep and when and how much побе­гать.objections and there is more than enough. well, go on по­воду baby? and if he wants to go at night? and if he has no desire to have? and if it шало­сти all in? and if yes, воз­ражения very are thus sound. especially in a society where discipline is an article, where to счита­ется greater than лич­ностные impulses.that is, spock"s ideas, as any other ideas can be brought to the аб­сурда. realize their действи­тельно harder than making под­чиняться. but broken child becomes damaged person. and that"s обласканный, happy, love, and in adult life, comes with ощуще­нием happiness and willingness of people to do good.morals формирует­ся already in the simplest cases, lactation, take, купа­ния. during the games, and communicating with роди­телями and сверс