John Dryden was born at the vicarag

John Dryden was born at the vicarage of Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire, on August 9, 1631, son of Erasmus Dryden and Mary Pickering. His family were Parliamentary supporters with Puritan leanings. He attended Westminster School as a king's scholar under Richard Busby and was an avid student of the classics. While at Westminster, Dryden published his first verses, an elegy "Upon the Death of Lord Hastings", in Lachrymæ Musarum (1649). He entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1650, and took a BA in 1654.
Dryden moved to London around 1657, and first gained notice with his 'Heroic Stanzas' (1659) on the death of Lord Protector Cromwell. In the Royalist climate of the Restoration, he sensibly wrote Astraea Redux (1660) to celebrate the return of King Charles II. For the coronation, Dryden wrote "To His Sacred Majesty, A Panegyric" (1661). In 1662, Dryden wrote verses "To My Lord Chancellor" Clarendon, and was elected to the Royal Society. The theatres had been reopened, demand for entertainments was high, and Dryden set to writing plays. In 1663, Dryden married Lady Elizabeth Howard, the sister of his theatrical partner Sir Robert Howard, and the eldest daughter of the Earl of Berkshire. His first play was the prose comedy of humours A Wild Gallant (1663), a wholly unremarkable piece, followed by the tragicomedy The Rival Ladies (1664) and The Indian Queen (1664). In 1665, the theatres were closed down because of the plague that raged in London, and the King's court relocated to Oxford. There, Dryden finally established a reputation as a playwright with The Indian Emperor (1665), a heroic drama.
The year 1666 was eventful in English history, including both the naval war with the Dutch, and the Great Fire of London. Dryden commemorated this 'year of wonders" in his long poem, Annus Mirabilis, in 1667. This poem secured him the position of Poet Laureate on the death of William D'Avenant in 1668. The same year, he was also given the degree of M. A. by the Archbishop of Canterbury. As a fellow of the Royal Society, he was furthermore made Historiographer Royal in 1670, which brought him an annual income of £200.
In 1668, Dryden began a fruitful period of both critical and dramatic writing. His first major critical work was the Essay of Dramatic Poesy (1668), followed by A Defence of an Essay (1668), and Essay of Heroic Plays (1672). His plays from this period include the comedy Secret Love (1667); the heroic drama Tyrannic Love (1669); the two-part The Conquest of Granada (1670-71); and the comedy Marriage á la Mode (1672). In 1674, Dryden published a tribute to Milton in the form of a musical adaptation of Paradise Lost, entitled The State of Innocence—it was never performed. The tragedy Aureng-Zebe (1676) was Dryden's first play in blank verse, followed by his masterpiece All for Love (1678), based on the story of Anthony and Cleopatra.
The success and fame Dryden enjoyed naturally garnered him enemies. He was ridiculed in Buckingham's The Rehearsal (1671), and brutally beaten in an attack in Rose Alley, Covent Garden, on December 18, 1679. It has been suggested, though never proved, that Lord Rochester had a hand in hiring the ruffians responsible for the attack. Rochester had lampooned Dryden earlier, and had in turn suspected of Dryden for complicity in ridiculing him in Lord Mulgrave's Essay on Satire.
With the the unsuccessful prose comedy "Limberham" (1678), the poor adaptation of Troilus and Cressida (1679), and the play "Spanish Friar" (1681), Dryden left his career as dramatist for a time and turned his attention to satire. His political satire on Monmouth and Shaftesbury, Absalom and Achitophel, appeared in 1681. It is one of the great English satires, and it brought him further favor with Charles II, who was pleased at this attack against the Whigs during the Exclusion Crisis. Dryden dutifully wrote the Second Part of Absalom and Achitophel in collaboration with Nahum Tate, as well as another attack on Shaftesbury's supporters, The Medal (1682). These naturally provoked counterattacks, including Thomas Shadwell's The Medal of John Bayes. Dryden in turn responded Mac Flecknoe, full of ridicule for Shadwell, perhaps his most entertaining poem, pirated in 1682, and officially printed in 1684.
Dryden also had a keen interest in theology, and this resulted first in the publication of Religio Laici (1682). This work, the title of which translates as "A Layman's Faith", was a long religious poem arguing Christianity over Deism, the Bible as the guide to salvation, and the Anglican Church over the Catholic Church. This period saw some of Dryden's best poems, the Pindaric ode "Threnodia Augustalis" (1685) at the death of Charles II, the beautiful lyrical ode "To the Pious Memory ... of Mrs Anne Killigrew" (1686) written to commemorate a painter who drowned in the Thames, and "A Song for Saint Cecilia's Day" (1687). Dryden had long grappled with religious uncertainty, and converted into Roman Catholicism in 1686, the year after the ascension to the throne of King James II, a Catholic. In 1687, Dryden published The Hind and the Panther, an allegorical fable criticizing the Anglican church. Dryden suffered for this almost immediately. The Revolution of 1688, which placed the Protestant William III on the throne, caused him to be deprived of his laureateship, and what was worse, he was replaced by his old enemy, Shadwell.
Dryden returned to the theatre. He wrote the libretto to Purcell's opera King Arthur (1691); a tragicomedy, Don Sebastian (1690); a comedy of errors, Amphitryon (1690); and Cleomenes: the Spartan Hero (1692). Dryden's Love Triumphant (1694), the prologue of which announced it as his last play, was a failure. Dryden turned to writing translations, including the satires of Perseus and Juvenal (1693) and Virgil's Aeneid (1697). He also wrote more poetry, including "An Ode, on the death of Mr Henry Purcell" (1696) commemorating the composer, a second ode for St. Cecilia's Day, "Alexander's Feast" (1697), which was later incorporated into his Fables Ancient and Modern (1700), paraphrases of Ovid, Boccaccio, and Chaucer.
Dryden died on April 30, 1700, soon after the publication of the Fables, of inflammation caused by gout. He was buried in Westminster Abbey. Dryden was a good playwright and poet, a fine translator, a solid critic, and an excellent satirist whose works are still worthy of much admiration.

Results (Indonesian) 1:

John Dryden dilahirkan di Wisma pendeta dari Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire, pada tanggal 9 Agustus 1631, putra Erasmus Dryden dan Mary Pickering. Keluarganya adalah Parlemen pendukung dengan cenderung Puritan. Dia menghadiri sekolah Westminster sebagai raja sarjana di bawah Richard Busby dan mahasiswa avid klasik. Sementara di Westminster, Dryden diterbitkan ayat-ayat pertama nya, elegi "Berdasarkan the kematian Tuhan Hastings", dalam Lachrymæ Musarum (1649). Ia memasuki Trinity College, Cambridge, pada 1650, dan mengambil gelar BA pada tahun 1654. Dryden pindah ke London sekitar 1657, dan pertama kali mendapatkan pemberitahuan dengan nya 'heroik Stanza' (1659) pada kematian Lord Protector Cromwell. Dalam iklim royalis pemulihan, ia pantas menulis Astraea Redux (1660) untuk merayakan kembalinya Raja Charles II. Untuk penobatan, Dryden menulis "Untuk keagungan Suci, pujian" (1661). Tahun 1662, Dryden menulis ayat "untuk saya Tuhan Chancellor" Clarendon, dan Terpilih sebagai anggota Royal Society. Teater-teater dibuka kembali, permintaan untuk hiburan itu tinggi dan Dryden diatur untuk menulis memainkan. Tahun 1663, Dryden menikah wanita Elizabeth Howard, adik pasangannya teater Sir Robert Howard, dan putri sulung Earl Berkshire. Dramanya yang pertama adalah prosa komedi dari humours Wild gagah (1663), sepotong sepenuhnya biasa-biasa saja, diikuti oleh tragikomedi The saingan Ladies (1664) dan India The Queen (1664). Pada tahun 1665, teater-teater yang ditutup karena malapetaka yang berkecamuk di London, dan raja pengadilan dipindahkan ke Oxford. Di sana, Dryden akhirnya didirikan reputasi dramawan dengan The India Emperor (1665), sebuah drama heroik. The year 1666 was eventful in English history, including both the naval war with the Dutch, and the Great Fire of London. Dryden commemorated this 'year of wonders" in his long poem, Annus Mirabilis, in 1667. This poem secured him the position of Poet Laureate on the death of William D'Avenant in 1668. The same year, he was also given the degree of M. A. by the Archbishop of Canterbury. As a fellow of the Royal Society, he was furthermore made Historiographer Royal in 1670, which brought him an annual income of £200. In 1668, Dryden began a fruitful period of both critical and dramatic writing. His first major critical work was the Essay of Dramatic Poesy (1668), followed by A Defence of an Essay (1668), and Essay of Heroic Plays (1672). His plays from this period include the comedy Secret Love (1667); the heroic drama Tyrannic Love (1669); the two-part The Conquest of Granada (1670-71); and the comedy Marriage á la Mode (1672). In 1674, Dryden published a tribute to Milton in the form of a musical adaptation of Paradise Lost, entitled The State of Innocence—it was never performed. The tragedy Aureng-Zebe (1676) was Dryden's first play in blank verse, followed by his masterpiece All for Love (1678), based on the story of Anthony and Cleopatra. The success and fame Dryden enjoyed naturally garnered him enemies. He was ridiculed in Buckingham's The Rehearsal (1671), and brutally beaten in an attack in Rose Alley, Covent Garden, on December 18, 1679. It has been suggested, though never proved, that Lord Rochester had a hand in hiring the ruffians responsible for the attack. Rochester had lampooned Dryden earlier, and had in turn suspected of Dryden for complicity in ridiculing him in Lord Mulgrave's Essay on Satire. With the the unsuccessful prose comedy "Limberham" (1678), the poor adaptation of Troilus and Cressida (1679), and the play "Spanish Friar" (1681), Dryden left his career as dramatist for a time and turned his attention to satire. His political satire on Monmouth and Shaftesbury, Absalom and Achitophel, appeared in 1681. It is one of the great English satires, and it brought him further favor with Charles II, who was pleased at this attack against the Whigs during the Exclusion Crisis. Dryden dutifully wrote the Second Part of Absalom and Achitophel in collaboration with Nahum Tate, as well as another attack on Shaftesbury's supporters, The Medal (1682). These naturally provoked counterattacks, including Thomas Shadwell's The Medal of John Bayes. Dryden in turn responded Mac Flecknoe, full of ridicule for Shadwell, perhaps his most entertaining poem, pirated in 1682, and officially printed in 1684. Dryden also had a keen interest in theology, and this resulted first in the publication of Religio Laici (1682). This work, the title of which translates as "A Layman's Faith", was a long religious poem arguing Christianity over Deism, the Bible as the guide to salvation, and the Anglican Church over the Catholic Church. This period saw some of Dryden's best poems, the Pindaric ode "Threnodia Augustalis" (1685) at the death of Charles II, the beautiful lyrical ode "To the Pious Memory ... of Mrs Anne Killigrew" (1686) written to commemorate a painter who drowned in the Thames, and "A Song for Saint Cecilia's Day" (1687). Dryden had long grappled with religious uncertainty, and converted into Roman Catholicism in 1686, the year after the ascension to the throne of King James II, a Catholic. In 1687, Dryden published The Hind and the Panther, an allegorical fable criticizing the Anglican church. Dryden suffered for this almost immediately. The Revolution of 1688, which placed the Protestant William III on the throne, caused him to be deprived of his laureateship, and what was worse, he was replaced by his old enemy, Shadwell. Dryden returned to the theatre. He wrote the libretto to Purcell's opera King Arthur (1691); a tragicomedy, Don Sebastian (1690); a comedy of errors, Amphitryon (1690); and Cleomenes: the Spartan Hero (1692). Dryden's Love Triumphant (1694), the prologue of which announced it as his last play, was a failure. Dryden turned to writing translations, including the satires of Perseus and Juvenal (1693) and Virgil's Aeneid (1697). He also wrote more poetry, including "An Ode, on the death of Mr Henry Purcell" (1696) commemorating the composer, a second ode for St. Cecilia's Day, "Alexander's Feast" (1697), which was later incorporated into his Fables Ancient and Modern (1700), paraphrases of Ovid, Boccaccio, and Chaucer. Dryden died on April 30, 1700, soon after the publication of the Fables, of inflammation caused by gout. He was buried in Westminster Abbey. Dryden was a good playwright and poet, a fine translator, a solid critic, and an excellent satirist whose works are still worthy of much admiration.

Results (Indonesian) 2:

John Dryden lahir di rumah pendeta dari Aldwinkle, Northamptonshire, pada 9 Agustus 1631, anak dari Erasmus Dryden dan Mary Pickering. Keluarganya adalah pendukung Parlemen dengan kecenderungan Puritan. Ia menghadiri Westminster School sebagai seorang sarjana raja di bawah Richard Busby dan siswa keranjingan klasik. Sementara di Westminster, Dryden diterbitkan ayat-ayat yang pertama, sebuah elegi "Setelah Kematian Tuhan Hastings", di Lachrymae Musarum (1649). Dia memasuki Trinity College, Cambridge, pada tahun 1650, dan mengambil BA di 1654.
Dryden pindah ke London sekitar 1657, dan pertama mendapat pemberitahuan dengan 'Heroic bait' (1659) pada kematian Tuhan Protector Cromwell. Dalam iklim royalis Pemulihan, ia bijaksana menulis Astraea Redux (1660) untuk merayakan kembalinya Raja Charles II. Untuk penobatan, Dryden menulis "Untuk Nya Suci Mulia, A pujian" (1661). Pada tahun 1662, Dryden menulis ayat-ayat "To My Lord Chancellor" Clarendon, dan terpilih untuk Royal Society. Teater telah dibuka kembali, permintaan untuk hiburan tinggi, dan Dryden diatur untuk menulis drama. Pada tahun 1663, Dryden menikah Lady Elizabeth Howard, adik dari pasangannya teater Sir Robert Howard, dan putri sulung Earl of Berkshire. Bermain pertama adalah komedi prosa humor A Wild Gallant (1663), sepotong sepenuhnya biasa-biasa saja, diikuti dengan tragis The Ladies Rival (1664) dan The Queen India (1664). Pada tahun 1665, bioskop ditutup turun karena wabah yang mengamuk di London, dan pengadilan Raja pindah ke Oxford. Ada, Dryden akhirnya membentuk reputasi sebagai penulis naskah dengan India Kaisar (1665), sebuah drama heroik.
Tahun 1666 adalah kejadian dalam sejarah Inggris, termasuk kedua perang angkatan laut dengan Belanda, dan Kebakaran Besar London. Dryden diperingati ini 'tahun keajaiban "dalam puisi yang panjang, Annus Mirabilis, pada 1667. Puisi ini dijamin dia posisi Penyair Nobel pada kematian William D'Avenant di 1668. Pada tahun yang sama, ia juga diberi derajat MA oleh Uskup Agung Canterbury. Sebagai sesama dari Royal Society, ia selanjutnya dibuat penulis sejarah Kerajaan pada tahun 1670, yang membawanya pendapatan tahunan £ 200.
Pada 1668, Dryden mulai periode berbuah baik menulis kritis dan dramatis. Nya pertama pekerjaan penting utama adalah Essay dari Drama Poésy (1668), diikuti oleh A Pertahanan Esai (1668), dan Esai dari Heroic Drama (1672) memainkan Nya dari periode ini termasuk komedi Secret Love (1667);. heroik drama Tyrannic Cinta (1669), dua-bagian The Conquest of Granada (1670-1671),. dan Pernikahan komedi á la Mode (1672) Pada 1674, Dryden diterbitkan penghargaan untuk Milton dalam bentuk adaptasi musik dari Paradise hilang, berjudul Negara of Innocence-hal itu tidak pernah dilakukan. Tragedi Aureng-Zebe (1676) adalah bermain Dryden pertama dalam ayat kosong, diikuti oleh karya-Nya Semua untuk Cinta (1678), berdasarkan kisah Anthony dan Cleopatra.
The kesuksesan dan ketenaran Dryden menikmati secara alami mengumpulkan dia musuh. Dia diejek di Buckingham The Rehearsal (1671), dan secara brutal dipukuli dalam serangan di Rose Alley, Covent Garden, pada tanggal 18 Desember 1679. Ia telah mengemukakan, meskipun tidak pernah terbukti, bahwa Tuhan Rochester memiliki tangan dalam mempekerjakan para bajingan yang bertanggung jawab atas serangan itu. Rochester telah dicerca Dryden sebelumnya, dan memiliki pada gilirannya diduga Dryden karena keterlibatannya dalam mengejek dia dalam Essay Tuhan Mulgrave pada Satir.
Dengan komedi prosa berhasil "Limberham" (1678), adaptasi miskin Troilus dan Cressida (1679), dan bermain "Spanyol Friar" (1681), Dryden meninggalkan karirnya sebagai dramawan untuk waktu dan mengalihkan perhatian ke satir. Satir politiknya di Monmouth dan Shaftesbury, Absalom dan Achitophel, muncul di 1681. Ini adalah salah satu satir besar Inggris, dan itu membawanya mendukung lebih lanjut dengan Charles II, yang senang pada serangan ini terhadap Whig selama Krisis Pengecualian. Dryden patuh menulis Bagian Kedua dari Absalom dan Achitophel bekerjasama dengan Nahum Tate, serta serangan lain pada pendukung Shaftesbury, The Medal (1682). Ini serangan balik secara alami diprovokasi, termasuk Thomas Shadwell The Medal of John Bayes. Dryden pada gilirannya menanggapi Mac Flecknoe, penuh ejekan untuk Shadwell, mungkin puisi paling menghibur nya, bajakan di 1682, dan secara resmi dicetak di 1684.
Dryden juga memiliki minat dalam teologi, dan ini mengakibatkan pertama dalam publikasi Religio Laici (1682 ). Karya ini, judul yang diterjemahkan sebagai "A Awam Faith", adalah sebuah puisi religius lama berdebat Kristen lebih Deisme, Alkitab sebagai panduan untuk keselamatan, dan Gereja Anglikan di Gereja Katolik. Periode ini melihat beberapa puisi terbaik Dryden, para Pindaric ode "Threnodia Augustalis" (1685) pada saat kematian Charles II, ode liris indah "Untuk Memory Saleh ... dari Mrs Anne Killigrew" (1686) yang ditulis untuk memperingati pelukis yang tenggelam di Sungai Thames, dan "A Song for Day Saint Cecilia" (1687). Dryden sudah lama bergulat dengan ketidakpastian agama, dan dikonversi menjadi Katolik Roma di 1686, tahun setelah kenaikan tahta Raja James II, seorang Katolik. Pada tahun 1687, Dryden diterbitkan The Hind dan Panther, sebuah dongeng alegoris mengkritik Gereja Anglikan. Dryden menderita untuk ini segera. Revolusi 1688, yang menempatkan Protestan William III atas takhta, menyebabkan dia harus kehilangan Laureateship, dan apa yang buruk, ia digantikan oleh musuh lamanya, Shadwell.
Dryden kembali ke teater. Dia menulis libretto untuk Purcell opera Raja Arthur (1691); a tragis, Don Sebastian (1690); komedi kesalahan, Amphitryon (1690); dan Cleomenes: Spartan Pahlawan (1692). Dryden Cinta Triumphant (1694), prolog yang mengumumkan sebagai bermain terakhirnya, adalah sebuah kegagalan. Dryden beralih ke menulis terjemahan, termasuk satir dari Perseus dan Juvenal (1693) dan Virgil Aeneid (1697). Dia juga menulis lebih puisi, termasuk "An Ode, pada kematian Mr Henry Purcell" (1696) memperingati komposer, sebuah ode kedua untuk Hari St Cecilia, "Alexander Pesta" (1697), yang kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam Dongeng nya kuno dan modern (1700), parafrase dari Ovid, Boccaccio, dan Chaucer.
Dryden meninggal pada 30 April, 1700, segera setelah publikasi Dongeng, peradangan yang disebabkan oleh asam urat. Ia dimakamkan di Westminster Abbey. Dryden adalah seorang penulis drama yang baik dan penyair, penerjemah baik, seorang kritikus yang solid, dan satiris yang sangat baik yang karya-karyanya masih layak banyak kekaguman.