of MIR reflectance. In this respect

of MIR reflectance. In this respect, spectral libraries are currently
available that may provide useful information about the spectral
features and ranges of the reflectance for natural and manmade
materials. Spectral libraries are, in fact, commonly used as reference
sources for the identification of surfaces in remote sensing imagery,
but the spectral range currently covered differs from library to library.
For instance, the MODIS University of California-Santa Barbara (UCSB)
spectral library provides information in TIR domain (from 3 to 14 μm),
whereas the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection
Radiometer (ASTER) spectral library (Baldridge et al., 2009) makes
available spectral reflectance data from the visible to the TIR domains
(from 0.4 to 15.4 μm). The analysis was restricted to materials
belonging to vegetation, water, and soil classes from the ASTER
spectral library because of data accessibility constraints in both NIR
and MIR regions. Spectral libraries like ASTER and MODIS/UCSB supply
reliable reflectance data for different types of materials, such as
vegetation, water, soil, rocks and manmade materials. However, to the
best of our knowledge, no reflectance measurements are currently
available for charcoal, ash or any burned plant material, in the spectral
region accounted for in this study (MIR region). Therefore, four fire
residue samples were collected at Alta Floresta, state of Mato Grosso,
Brazil. The samples were collected and kindly made available by the
Combustion Laboratory from INPE (LCP/INPE). Fire residues were also
collected by J.M.C.P. in Portugal from samples of burned maritime pine
trees. Charcoal samples (from both Brazil and Portugal) were sent to
the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where spectral signatures were
measured.
For each laboratory spectral data described above, the MODIS
channel equivalent reflectance was computed by convolving the
laboratory spectral reflectance signatures with the MODIS channels
normalized response function. Fig. 2 depicts the computed reflectance
values in MODIS channels 2 and 20 for different samples from the
ASTER spectral library, as well as from the burned material samples.
Finally, for the sake of simplicity, MODIS channels 1, 2 and 20 will
be hereafter referred to as R, NIR and MIR, respectively.
3. Methods
3.1. Rationale
The distribution, over the MIR/NIR space, of a variety of classes of
materials obtained from laboratory measurements are shown in Fig. 2
(left panel). It may be noted that the different materials tend to form
clusters on the MIR/NIR space and that there is an overall
displacement along the diagonal of the graph, from vegetation (top
left corner), down to burned materials (bottom right corner) across
the soil surfaces. The same behavior may be observed in Fig. 2 (right
panel), which presents segments connecting the locations of pre- and
post-fire mean values of MIR and NIR reflectance. These segments, the
so-called displacement vectors respect to 12 burned scars in MODIS

Results (Indonesian) 1:

dari reflektansi MIR. Dalam hal ini, Perpustakaan spektral sedangtersedia yang dapat memberikan informasi yang berguna tentang spektralfitur dan rentang reflektansi untuk alam dan buatan manusiabahan. Spektral Perpustakaan, pada kenyataannya, sering digunakan sebagai referensisumber-sumber untuk identifikasi permukaan dalam gambaran penginderaan jarak jauh,tetapi kisaran spektral tertutup saat ini berbeda dari perpustakaan ke perpustakaan.Sebagai contoh, MODIS University of California-Santa Barbara (UCSB)spektral Perpustakaan menyediakan informasi di TIR domain (dari 3 hingga 14 μm),Sedangkan Advanced Spaceborne termal emisi dan refleksiMembuat Perpustakaan spektral Radiometer (ASTER) (Baldridge et al., 2009)tersedia spektral reflektansi data dari yang terlihat ke domain TIR(dari 0,4 untuk 15.4 μm). Analisis ini terlarang dari bahanmilik vegetasi, air dan tanah kelas dari ASTERspektral Perpustakaan karena kendala aksesibilitas data di NIR keduadan wilayah MIR. Spektral perpustakaan seperti ASTER dan MODIS UCSB pasokandapat diandalkan reflektansi data untuk berbagai jenis bahan, sepertivegetasi, air, tanah, batu dan bahan-bahan buatan manusia. Namun, untukterbaik dari pengetahuan kita, tidak ada reflektansi pengukuran sedangtersedia untuk arang, abu atau apapun dibakar bahan tanaman, di spektrumdaerah menyumbang dalam studi ini (MIR wilayah). Oleh karena itu, empat apiresidu sampel dikumpulkan di Alta Floresta, negara bagian Mato GrossoBrasil. Sampel dikumpulkan dan mohon dibuat tersedia olehPembakaran laboratorium dari INPE (LCP/INPE). Api residu yang jugadikumpulkan oleh J.M.C.P. di Portugal dari sampel dibakar Maritim Pinepohon. Arang sampel (dari kedua Brasil dan Portugal) dikirim keNASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, di mana tanda tangan spektral yangdiukur.Untuk setiap data spektral laboratorium yang dijelaskan di atas, MODISsaluran setara reflektansi dihitung oleh convolvingLaboratorium spektral reflektansi Signature dengan saluran MODISrespon menormalkan fungsi. Gambar 2 menggambarkan reflektansi dihitungnilai-nilai dalam saluran MODIS 2 dan 20 untuk sampel berbeda dariASTER spektral Perpustakaan, serta dari bahan sampel dibakar.Akhirnya, demi kesederhanaan, MODIS saluran 1, 2 dan 20 akanselanjutnya disebut sebagai R, NIR, dan MIR, masing-masing.3. metode3.1. alasanDistribusi, atas ruang MIR NIR, berbagai kelasbahan-bahan yang Diperoleh dari pengukuran laboratorium yang ditampilkan dalam Fig. 2(waktu panel). Bisa dicatat bahwa bahan yang berbeda cenderung bentukcluster pada ruang MIR NIR dan bahwa ada keseluruhanperpindahan sepanjang diagonal matriks grafik, dari tumbuhan (topsudut kiri), turun ke dibakar bahan (pojok kanan bawah) di seluruhpermukaan tanah. Perilaku yang sama dapat diamati dalam Fig. 2 (kananpanel), yang menyajikan menghubungkan lokasi pra-segmen danpasca api berarti nilai reflektansi MIR dan NIR. Segmen tersebut,vektor disebut perpindahan memperhatikan 12 bekas luka terbakar di MODIS