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An important point that emerges from this study is the importance of human capital within the IC framework, consistently with Beattie and Smith (2010) and Maditinos et al. (2011). In detail, in this study investors attach more value relevance to the HCE information than to SCE information, as shown by the absolute value of the bs standardized coefficient of HCE. Our findings provide evidence of the prevailing theoretical position according to which, in order to create organizational value, the IC components (human, structural and relational capital) must interact constantly (Cabrita et al., 2007). The findings of our model show that the positive influence ofhuman capital efficiency (HCE) on business performance becomes relevant and significant only when it inter-relates with the other component of IC efficiency (SCE). The innovative nature of this paper lies in its inclusion in the evaluation model of the indirect effect of human capital on firm performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the value relevance of IC using a multiplicative interaction model.
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