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In water, coliform bacteria have no taste, smell, or colour. They can only be detected through a laboratory test.The Canadian Drinking Water Quality Guideline for total coliforms is none detectable per 100 mL. The CanadianDrinking Water Quality Guideline for Escherichia coli (E.coli) is none detectable per 100 mL.Maximum Acceptable Concentration for Drinking Water = none detectable per 100 mLThis means that in order to conform to the guideline:• For every 100 mL of drinking water tested, no total coliforms or E.coli should be detected.When drinking water is tested for total coliforms and E.coli and the water is safe to drink, the results may be presentedin a variety of formats:• Absent• 0 colony forming units per 100 millilitres (0 CFU/100 mL)• Less than 1 colony forming unit per 100 millilitres (< 1 CFU/100mL)• Non-detect (ND)0 most probable number per 100 millilitres (MPN/100 mL) – only when a bacteria count is requestedE.coli in drinking water indicates the water has been contaminated with fecal material that may contain diseasecausingmicroorganisms, such as certain bacteria, viruses, or parasites.The health eff ects of exposure to disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and parasites in drinking water area varied. Themost common symptoms of waterborne illness include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Infants, the elderly, and thosewith compromised immune systems may suff er more severe eff ects. In extreme cases some pathogens may infect thelungs, skin, eyes, nervous system, kidneys, or liver and the eff ects may be more severe, chronic, or even fatal.You should not assume that your water is safe to drink just because it has not made you sick in the past. If bacteria arepresent in your water, there is a risk that it could make you ill.
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