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The first thing you should do with any laceration is calm the victim and, when possible, elevate the injured part of the body as much as possible above the victim’s heart. Protect yourself by wearing non-permeable first-aid gloves and good eye protection.

Next, stop the bleeding. This is best accomplished by applying direct and constant pressure to the wound using a wadded sterile compress, cloth, or — if need be — direct hand-to-wound contact (that’s why you “gloved up”). Hold pressure for a full 10 to 15 minutes. If you sneak a peek and still see bleeding, then the clock resets and you bought yourself another 10 to 15 minutes. Try at least 2 full rounds of direct pressure before considering a pressure bandage, tourniquet or other more extreme measures.

With the bleeding stopped, take a closer look at the injury. Check the pulses in the area of the wound; they should be strong and regular. The surrounding tissue should be warm and pink. There should be no loss of sensation, and motor function should be fully intact. In general, any differences that are noted when compared to the uninjured side of the body suggest the possibility of a more serious injury. In these cases, immediate medical attention by healthcare professionals should be the top priority.

Now, you have to clean the wound to prevent infection. An old saying in surgery goes, “The solution to pollution is dilution.” For minor wounds in the backcountry setting, this means washing away the dirt and bacteria from within the wound itself. Use the cleanest disinfected liquid available. The best irrigants are normal saline, disinfected water or fresh tap water. Avoid using povidone iodine (Betadine), rubbing alcohol, and hydrogen peroxide, which can cause further tissue damage.

The irrigation stream has to have enough force behind it to dislodge any foreign material without injuring the tissue underneath, and you have to be careful not to jam harmful material deeper into the wound. The goal is not to soak the wound but to clean it thoroughly. Try to use at least 1 liter of irrigation fluid to clean each wound.

When possible, bandage a laceration with a dressing that does not stick to the wound. Non-adherent dressings include Telfa, Xeroform, Adaptic and Aquaphor. You can apply an antiseptic ointment such as bacitracin to the surface of the wound before bandaging if you have it. When bandaging, be careful to allow for continued assessment of vital signs and function.

Be sure to keep up-to-date on your tetanus shots before you embark on a trip into the wilderness, and always seek professional medical attention as soon as possible!

Results (English) 3:

第一件事你应该做的是，任何裂伤是平静的受害者，当可能的话，提高受伤部位的身体尽可能多的受害者的心。保护自己，穿无渗透的急救手套和良好的眼睛保护。这是通过施加直流恒压伤口用无菌压缩卷，布，或如果需要直接用手去接触伤口（这就是为什么你的“手套”）。保持压力为10至15分钟。如果你偷看一眼仍见出血，然后时钟重置你买了另一个10到15分钟。在考虑压力绷带至少尝试2整轮的直接压力，止血带或其他更极端的措施。

随着出血的停止，仔细看看受伤。检查伤口上的脉搏，他们应该是强壮的，有规律的。周围的组织应该是温暖和粉红色。没有感觉的丧失，而运动功能应该是完整的。一般来说任何差异时指出，相比身体健侧表明更严重的伤害的可能性。在这些情况下，医疗保健专业人士立即受到医疗保健的关注应该是头等大事。现在，你必须清理伤口以防感染。手术中的一句老话：“污染的解决方案是稀释。“在野外设置的小伤口，这意味着洗去污垢和细菌从伤口本身。用干净的消毒液可用。最好的冲洗液是生理盐水，消毒水或新鲜的自来水。避免使用聚维酮碘（碘），酒精，和过氧化氢，这可能会导致进一步的组织损伤。

灌流有足够的力量做后盾将任何异物，不损伤组织之下，你要小心不要堵塞有害物质更深的伤口。目标是不浸泡伤口，但要彻底清除伤口。尽量使用至少1公升的灌溉液来清洗伤口，用绷带包扎伤口，不粘伤口。非粘性敷料包括telfa，塞罗仿，适意和Aquaphor。你可以申请一个抗菌药膏如杆菌肽对创面包扎前如果你拥有它。当包扎，小心让生命体征和功能持续评估。

在你踏上一次旅行前，一定要保持你的破伤风疫苗的最新进展，并随时寻求专业的医疗照顾！